Hospital of Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 7 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang, Beijing, 100021, China.
BMC Geriatr. 2024 Jan 4;24(1):18. doi: 10.1186/s12877-023-04586-7.
The associations between plasma vitamin B level and anemia under different dietary patterns in elderly Chinese people are poorly understood. We aimed to examine the associations between plasma vitamin B levels and anemia under different dietary patterns in adults aged 65 years and older in nine longevity areas in China.
A total of 2405 older adults completed a food frequency questionnaire at the same time as a face-to-face interview. The dietary diversity score (DDS) was assessed based on the food frequency questionnaire, with the low DDS group referring to participants with a DDS score ≤ 4 points. Vitamin B levels were divided into two groups of high (>295 pg/mL) and low (≤ 295 pg/mL) with the median used as the cut-off point. Sub-analyses were also performed on older adults divided into tertiles of vitamin B levels: low (< 277 pg/mL), medium (277-375 pg/mL) and high (> 375 pg/mL) to study the association of these levels with anemia.
Six hundred ninety-five (28.89%) of these people were diagnosed with anemia and had a mean age of 89.3 years. Higher vitamin B levels were associated with a decreased risk of anemia (multi-adjusted OR, 0.59, [95% CI, 0.45 ~ 0.77] P < 0.001) in older adults with a low DDS, whereas no significant association between vitamin B levels and anemia was found in older adults with a high DDS in a full-model after adjustment for various confounding factors (multi-adjusted OR, 0.88, [95% CI, 0.65 ~ 1.19], P = 0.41).
The relationship between vitamin B levels and the prevalence of anemia was significant only when the level of dietary diversity in the older adults was relatively low. The dietary structure of the population should be taken into consideration in combination in order to effectively improve anemia status by supplementing vitamin B.
在中国九个长寿地区，我们旨在研究 65 岁及以上老年人不同饮食模式下血浆维生素 B 水平与贫血之间的关系。对于不同饮食模式下的老年人血浆维生素 B 水平与贫血之间的关系，目前了解甚少。
共有 2405 名老年人在同一时间完成了食物频率问卷和面对面访谈。根据食物频率问卷评估膳食多样性评分（DDS），低 DDS 组指 DDS 评分≤4 分的参与者。维生素 B 水平分为两组：高（>295pg/mL）和低（≤295pg/mL），中位数为截止值。还对维生素 B 水平分为三分位的老年人进行了亚分析：低（<277pg/mL）、中（277-375pg/mL）和高（>375pg/mL），以研究这些水平与贫血的关系。
其中 695 人（28.89%）被诊断为贫血，平均年龄为 89.3 岁。低 DDS 组中，较高的维生素 B 水平与贫血风险降低相关（多因素调整后 OR，0.59[95%CI，0.450.77]，P<0.001），而在高 DDS 组中，在调整了各种混杂因素后的全模型中，维生素 B 水平与贫血之间没有显著关联（多因素调整后 OR，0.88[95%CI，0.651.19]，P=0.41）。
只有当老年人的饮食多样性水平相对较低时，维生素 B 水平与贫血患病率之间的关系才具有统计学意义。应该结合考虑人群的饮食结构，通过补充维生素 B 来有效改善贫血状况。
