Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 566 Qianjin East Road, Kunshan 215300, China.
Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 566 Qianjin East Road, Kunshan 215300, China.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2024 Feb;171:116111. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116111. Epub 2024 Jan 5.
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) represents a prevalent pathological phenomenon. Traditional treatment approaches primarily aim at restoring blood supply to ischemic organs, disregarding the consequent damage caused by IRI. Belonging to the class of protopanaxadiol ginsenosides that are found in Panax ginseng, ginsenoside Rd (GSRd) demonstrates notable safety alongside a diverse range of biological functions. Its active components exhibit diverse pharmacological effects, encompassing anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, neuroprotective, cardiovascular-protective, and immune-regulatory properties, making it a promising candidate for addressing multiple medical conditions. GSRd shields against I/R injury by employing crucial cellular mechanisms, including the attenuation of oxidative stress, reduction of inflammation, promotion of cell survival signaling pathways, and inhibition of apoptotic pathways. Additionally, GSRd regulates mitochondrial function, maintains calcium homeostasis, and modulates the expression of genes involved in I/R injury. This review seeks to consolidate the pharmacological mechanism of action of GSRd within the context of IRI. Our objective is to contribute to the advancement of GSRd-related pharmaceuticals and provide novel insights for clinicians involved in developing IRI treatment strategies.
缺血再灌注损伤（IRI）是一种普遍的病理现象。传统的治疗方法主要旨在恢复缺血器官的血液供应，而忽略了 IRI 所导致的后续损伤。属于人参中发现的原人参二醇型皂甙的人参皂甙 Rd（GSRd）具有显著的安全性和多种生物学功能。其活性成分具有多种药理学作用，包括抗炎、抗肿瘤、神经保护、心血管保护和免疫调节作用，使其成为治疗多种疾病的有前途的候选药物。GSRd 通过利用关键的细胞机制来防止 I/R 损伤，包括减轻氧化应激、减少炎症、促进细胞存活信号通路和抑制细胞凋亡途径。此外，GSRd 调节线粒体功能，维持钙稳态，并调节与 I/R 损伤相关的基因的表达。本综述旨在总结 GSRd 在 IRI 中的药理作用机制。我们的目标是为 GSRd 相关药物的发展做出贡献，并为参与制定 IRI 治疗策略的临床医生提供新的见解。
