转移 RNA 修饰与细胞耐热性。

Transfer RNA modifications and cellular thermotolerance.

机构信息

Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.

出版信息

Mol Cell. 2024 Jan 4;84(1):94-106. doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.11.041.

DOI:10.1016/j.molcel.2023.11.041

PMID:38181765

Abstract

RNA molecules are modified post-transcriptionally to acquire their diverse functions. Transfer RNA (tRNA) has the widest variety and largest numbers of RNA modifications. tRNA modifications are pivotal for decoding the genetic code and stabilizing the tertiary structure of tRNA molecules. Alternation of tRNA modifications directly modulates the structure and function of tRNAs and regulates gene expression. Notably, thermophilic organisms exhibit characteristic tRNA modifications that are dynamically regulated in response to varying growth temperatures, thereby bolstering fitness in extreme environments. Here, we review the history and latest findings regarding the functions and biogenesis of several tRNA modifications that contribute to the cellular thermotolerance of thermophiles.

摘要

RNA 分子在转录后被修饰以获得其多种功能。转移 RNA（tRNA）具有最广泛的种类和最大数量的 RNA 修饰。tRNA 修饰对于解码遗传密码和稳定 tRNA 分子的三级结构至关重要。tRNA 修饰的改变直接调节 tRNA 的结构和功能，并调节基因表达。值得注意的是，嗜热生物表现出特征性的 tRNA 修饰，这些修饰会根据生长温度的变化而动态调节，从而增强其在极端环境中的适应性。在这里，我们回顾了几种 tRNA 修饰的功能和生物发生的历史和最新发现，这些修饰有助于嗜热生物的细胞耐热性。