Shi Xin, Xie Jinhao, Wang Jin, Xie Shilei, Yang Zujin, Lu Xihong
MOE of the Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, The Key Lab of Low-carbon Chem & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.
School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, PR China.
Nat Commun. 2024 Jan 5;15(1):302. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-44615-y.
Structure deterioration and side reaction, which originated from the solvated HO, are the main constraints for the practical deployment of both cathode and anode in aqueous Zn-ion batteries. Here we formulate a weakly solvating electrolyte to reduce the solvating power of HO and strengthen the coordination competitiveness of SO to Zn over HO. Experiment results and theoretical simulations demonstrate that the water-poor solvation structure of Zn is achieved, which can (i) substantially eliminate solvated-HO-mediated undesirable side reactions on the Zn anode. (ii) boost the desolvation kinetics of Zn and suppress Zn dendrite growth as well as structure aberration of the cathode. Remarkably, the synergy of these two factors enables long-life full cells including Zn/NaVO·1.5HO, Zn/MnO and Zn/CoFe(CN) cells. More importantly, practical rechargeable AA-type Zn/NVO cells are assembled, which present a capacity of 101.7 mAh and stability of 96.1% capacity retention after 30 cycles at 0.66 C.
源于溶剂化羟基（HO）的结构劣化和副反应是水系锌离子电池中阴极和阳极实际应用的主要限制因素。在此，我们配制了一种弱溶剂化电解质，以降低HO的溶剂化能力，并增强硫酸根（SO）对锌（Zn）相对于HO的配位竞争力。实验结果和理论模拟表明，实现了贫水的Zn溶剂化结构，这能够：（i）大幅消除溶剂化HO介导的锌阳极上的不良副反应；（ii）加快Zn的去溶剂化动力学，抑制Zn枝晶生长以及阴极的结构畸变。值得注意的是，这两个因素的协同作用使得包括Zn/NaVO·1.5HO、Zn/MnO和Zn/CoFe(CN)电池在内的长寿命全电池成为可能。更重要的是，组装了实际可充电的AA型Zn/NVO电池，其在0.66 C下循环30次后容量为101.7 mAh，容量保持率为96.1%。
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