The Variant Allele Frequency of CTLA-4 rs11571317 (-658 C/T) Polymorphism With Colorectal Cancer Susceptibility in the Saudi Population and Other Ethnic Groups.

The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter region of the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) gene are directly associated with the progression and onset of various human cancers. These SNPs are important prognostic biomarkers for the prediction and early onset of cancer risk. The variant frequency of the CTLA-4 rs11571317 (-658 C/T) polymorphism may be affecting the various ethnic groups differently. In the present study, the allelic frequency distribution of -658 C/T polymorphism was assessed in the population of Saudi Arabia and compared with other world populations. The data from different cancers were extracted from case-control studies in the various ethnic groups by using PubMed (MEDLINE) and similar web databases. The frequency of CTLA-4 rs11571317 (-658 C/T) variant allele (T) was observed to be 25.5% and different frequencies were found significant for India (p = 0.001), USA (p = 0.03), and China (p = 0.04), when the prevalence of Saudi Arabian population was compared to that of other population groups. The current finding reveals that there is a distinct pattern of CTLA-4 rs11571317 (-658 C/T) polymorphism variant allele in the populations of Saudi Arabia, may be because of the differences in ethnicity. The observed findings can help in the assessment of the risk for the population harboring the risk allele of rs11571317 (-658 C/T) SNP and toward their subsequent susceptibility to cancer.