Kijima Tsunetaka, Akai Kenju, Amagasa Shiho, Inoue Shigeru, Yamagata Shingo, Ishibashi Yutaka, Tsukihashi Hironori, Makiishi Tetsuya
Faculty of Medicine, Oda Municipal Hospital, Oda Training Centre of General Practice, Shimane University, Oda-cho, Oda-shi, Shimane, Japan.
Centre for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education, Shimane University, Izumo-shi, Shimane, Japan.
SAGE Open Med. 2024 Jan 5;12:20503121231220798. doi: 10.1177/20503121231220798. eCollection 2024.
Few studies have detailed the physical activity and postural patterns (e.g. lying or sitting) in older adults with declining activities of daily living (ADL). Therefore, we aimed to address this issue by quantifying physical activity using an accelerometer and measuring time spent in various postures among older adults in assisted-living residences.
We quantified physical activity using an accelerometer (ActivPAL) and measured time spent in various postures in 35 older adults (mean age: 89.1 years) with chronic conditions residing in two assisted-living residences in Japan. ActivPAL was attached to the thigh and trunk of patients to distinguish between sitting and lying postures.
Participants had a mean count of 6.2 comorbidities, and they were divided into three groups (fully independent, requiring minimal assistance and requiring care) based on their activities of daily living capacity using the Barthel Index. Residents aged ⩾90 years walked a mean of 1109.1 steps and spent 167.3 min upright per day. Fully independent participants walked a mean of 3587.6 steps daily; those requiring minimal assistance walked 1681.0 steps daily; and those requiring care walked 428.9 steps daily.
Our findings indicated that step count, number of sit-to-stand transitions, stepping time, and upright time decreased significantly as activities of daily living capacity decreased. Comorbidity type and number of comorbidities were not related to their lying time except for depression status. Lying time was associated with depression status.
很少有研究详细描述日常生活活动能力（ADL）下降的老年人的身体活动和姿势模式（如躺卧或坐姿）。因此，我们旨在通过使用加速度计量化身体活动，并测量辅助生活住所中老年人在各种姿势下所花费的时间来解决这个问题。
我们使用加速度计（ActivPAL）量化身体活动，并测量了居住在日本两家辅助生活住所中的35名患有慢性疾病的老年人（平均年龄：89.1岁）在各种姿势下所花费的时间。ActivPAL被附着在患者的大腿和躯干上，以区分坐姿和躺姿。
参与者平均有6.2种合并症，并根据巴氏指数的日常生活活动能力被分为三组（完全独立、需要最少帮助和需要护理）。90岁及以上的居民平均每天走1109.1步，直立时间为167.3分钟。完全独立的参与者平均每天走3587.6步；那些需要最少帮助的人每天走1681.0步；而那些需要护理的人每天走428.9步。
我们的研究结果表明，随着日常生活活动能力下降，步数、坐立转换次数、行走时间和直立时间显著减少。除抑郁状态外，合并症类型和合并症数量与他们的躺卧时间无关。躺卧时间与抑郁状态有关。
