Albinali Hajar Ahmed Hajar, Singh Rajvir, Osman Omnia Tajelsir Abdalla, Al Arabi Abdul Rahman, Varughese Betsy, Al Qahtani Awad, Asaad Nidal, Al Suwaidi Jassim
Department of Adult Cardiology, Heart Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
Department of Gastroenterology-Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
Heart Views. 2023 Oct-Dec;24(4):171-178. doi: 10.4103/heartviews.heartviews_26_23. Epub 2023 Nov 3.
Studies from the US and Europe showed a decline in smoking among patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), but limited data are available from the Middle East. In this study, we describe the temporal trend in the prevalence, associated risk factors, and outcomes of smoking among patients with AMI in Qatar.
A total of 27,648 AMI patients were analyzed from the cardiology registry at Heart Hospital, Doha, Qatar. This spans from January 1991 to May 2022.
Of the total, 13,562 patients (49.1%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 48%-50%) were smokers, with a clear majority of males (98.5%). Smoking habit was found to decrease in AMI patients with increasing age (age 51-60 years, adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.67-0.76, = 0.001, and age ≥61 years, adjusted OR: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.42-0.48, = 0.001, in comparison to age ≤50 years). Smoking was associated with a lower risk of inhospital mortality (adjusted OR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.54-0.70, = 0.001), but triglyceride, obesity, and old myocardial infarction risk factors were associated with a higher risk. A decreasing trend in current smoking habits in each quantile of the 1996-2000 year (adjusted OR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.71-0.93, = 0.001), 2001-2005 year (adjusted OR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.62-0.80, = 0.001), 2006-2010 year (adjusted OR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.67-0.84, = 0.001), 2011-2015 year (adjusted OR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.42-0.54, = 0.001), 2016-2020 year (adjusted OR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.43-0.54, = 0.001), and ≥2021 year (adjusted OR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.40-0.53, = 0.001) was observed in comparison to the quantile 1991-1995 year. Similar results were also observed in the young population (age ≤50 years) including the non-Qataris, who had 25% more smokers in comparison to Qatari nationals.
Smoking trended down significantly; however, it remained prevalent in 50% of patients among AMI patients. Smokers were younger, with fewer traditional risk factors, and had lower inhospital mortality.
美国和欧洲的研究表明，急性心肌梗死（AMI）患者的吸烟率有所下降，但中东地区的数据有限。在本研究中，我们描述了卡塔尔AMI患者吸烟率、相关危险因素及吸烟结局的时间趋势。
对卡塔尔多哈哈特医院心脏病登记处的27648例AMI患者进行分析。时间跨度为1991年1月至2022年5月。
在全部患者中，13562例（49.1%，95%置信区间[CI]：48%-50%）为吸烟者，其中男性占绝大多数（98.5%）。发现AMI患者的吸烟习惯随年龄增长而减少（与年龄≤50岁相比，51-60岁年龄组，调整后的优势比[OR]：0.71，95%CI：0.67-0.76，P = 0.001；年龄≥61岁年龄组，调整后的OR：0.45，95%CI：0.42-0.48，P = 0.001）。吸烟与较低的住院死亡率相关（调整后的OR：0.61，95%CI：0.54-0.70，P = 0.001），但甘油三酯、肥胖和陈旧性心肌梗死危险因素与较高风险相关。与1991-1995年时间段相比，在1996-2000年（调整后的OR：0.82，95%CI：0.71-0.93，P = 0.001）、2001-2005年（调整后的OR：0.70，95%CI：0.62-0.80，P = 0.001）、2006-2010年（调整后的OR：0.75，95%CI：0.67-0.84，P = 0.001）、2011-2015年（调整后的OR：0.48，95%CI：0.42-0.54，P = 0.001）、2016-2020年（调整后的OR：0.48，95%CI：0.43-0.54，P = 0.001）以及≥2021年（调整后的OR：0.46，95%CI：0.40-0.53，P = 0.001）的每个时间段内，当前吸烟习惯均呈下降趋势。在年轻人群（年龄≤50岁）包括非卡塔尔人中也观察到类似结果，非卡塔尔人的吸烟者比卡塔尔国民多25%。
吸烟率显著下降；然而，在AMI患者中仍有50%的患者吸烟。吸烟者更年轻，传统危险因素较少，住院死亡率较低。
