Li Weina, Song Youzhi, Zhou Zongkui
Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (Central China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China.
Department of Management, Hunan Police Academy, Changsha, China.
Fam Process. 2024 Dec;63(4):1947-1963. doi: 10.1111/famp.12964. Epub 2024 Jan 9.
In contrast to cognitive outcomes, parental success-oriented responses to children's performance enhanced the emotional well-being of children. Conversely, parental failure-oriented responses had the opposite impact. Thus, it remains unclear which response or combination of responses parents should employ to maximize their children's development. This research aimed to examine the combined effect of children's perceptions of parental success- and failure-oriented responses on children's depression, with a focus on the mediating role of resilience. A total of 651 pupils (44.7% female, M = 10.31, range = 8-12) were investigated in China using polynomial regression and response surface analyses. Our findings suggest that when success- and failure-oriented responses are congruent, failure-oriented responses counteract the protective effect of success-oriented responses against children's depression. The two equally matched responses demonstrated a curvilinear main effect on resilience, indicating that higher resilience was associated with the upper-middle range of the two responses. Moreover, children who reported more success-oriented responses than failure-oriented responses showed greater resilience and decreased depression. Resilience acted as a mediator for the combined effects of parental success and failure-oriented responses on children's depression. The study addressed the parenting dilemma, specifically the trade-off between success- and failure-oriented responses in promoting children's optimal development.
与认知结果形成对比的是，父母对孩子表现的成功导向型反应提升了孩子的情绪幸福感。相反，父母的失败导向型反应则产生了相反的影响。因此，目前尚不清楚父母应该采用哪种反应或反应组合来最大限度地促进孩子的发展。本研究旨在考察孩子对父母成功导向型和失败导向型反应的认知对孩子抑郁的综合影响，重点关注心理韧性的中介作用。在中国，我们对651名小学生（44.7%为女生，平均年龄M = 10.31岁，年龄范围为8至12岁）进行了多项式回归和反应面分析。我们的研究结果表明，当成功导向型和失败导向型反应一致时，失败导向型反应会抵消成功导向型反应对孩子抑郁的保护作用。这两种势均力敌的反应对心理韧性呈现出曲线主效应，表明较高的心理韧性与这两种反应的中高范围相关。此外，报告成功导向型反应多于失败导向型反应的孩子表现出更强的心理韧性和更低的抑郁水平。心理韧性在父母成功导向型和失败导向型反应对孩子抑郁的综合影响中起到了中介作用。该研究解决了育儿困境，特别是在促进孩子最优发展方面成功导向型和失败导向型反应之间的权衡。
