Alinaitwe Businge, Amanya Charles, A Muwanguzi Patience, Ngabirano Tom Denis
Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
School of Nursing, Mount Kenya University, Thika, Kenya.
Integr Blood Press Control. 2024 Jan 4;17:1-11. doi: 10.2147/IBPC.S440972. eCollection 2024.
Hypertension is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Many people however are not aware of their possession of risk factors for hypertension. There is a paucity of literature in Uganda describing the risk profile of faculty at public universities. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypertension risk factors among university teaching staff.
This study was conducted among faculty at Makerere University in Uganda. The modified World Health Organization STEP-wise approach for non-communicable disease surveillance was used in data collection. Hypertension was defined as having a systolic blood pressure of ≥140mmHg and/or a diastolic blood pressure of ≥90mmHg, or being on antihypertensive medications. Participants were enrolled from the faculty lists by proportionate to size systematic sampling until the sample size for each college was obtained. Data was collected from January to March 2018. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with hypertension.
A total of 141 participants were recruited into the study. The prevalent risk factors for hypertension include physical inactivity (78.7%), overweight (46.8%), obesity (20.6%), addition of extra salt to food (46.8%), current alcohol consumption (33.3%), history of smoking (10.6%), inadequate fruit and vegetable servings per day (100%), family history of hypertension (40.4%) and a family history of diabetes (22.7%). Hypertension was prevalent at 26.2% (95% CI 18.94-33.46%). The risk factors significantly associated with hypertension included a family history of hypertension (p=0.009), obesity (p=0.008) and male gender (p = 0.029).
The prevalence of known hypertension risk factors among university teaching staff in urban Uganda is high. Majority of these risk factors are modifiable highlighting the need for continuous screening as well as introduction of prevention and health promotion strategies to reduce the risk burden.
高血压是全球发病和死亡的主要原因。然而，许多人并未意识到自己患有高血压风险因素。乌干达缺乏描述公立大学教职员工风险状况的文献。本研究的目的是确定大学教师中高血压风险因素的患病率。
本研究在乌干达马凯雷雷大学的教师中进行。数据收集采用了世界卫生组织非传染性疾病监测的改良逐步方法。高血压定义为收缩压≥140mmHg和/或舒张压≥90mmHg，或正在服用抗高血压药物。通过按比例大小的系统抽样从教师名单中招募参与者，直到获得每个学院的样本量。数据于2018年1月至3月收集。采用多变量逻辑回归确定与高血压相关的因素。
共有141名参与者被纳入研究。高血压的常见风险因素包括身体活动不足（78.7%）、超重（46.8%）、肥胖（20.6%）、食物中额外加盐（46.8%）、当前饮酒（33.3%）、吸烟史（10.6%）、每天水果和蔬菜摄入量不足（100%）、高血压家族史（40.4%）和糖尿病家族史（22.7%）。高血压患病率为26.2%（95%CI 18.94 - 33.46%）。与高血压显著相关的风险因素包括高血压家族史（p = 0.009）、肥胖（p = 0.008）和男性（p = 0.029）。
乌干达城市大学教师中已知高血压风险因素的患病率很高。这些风险因素大多是可改变的，这突出了持续筛查以及引入预防和健康促进策略以减轻风险负担的必要性。
