Siddiqui Shahida Anusha, Bhowmik Shuva, Afreen Maliha, Ucak İlknur, Ikram Ali, Gerini Francesca, Mehdizadeh Mohammad, Ayivi Raphael D, Castro-Muñoz Roberto
Technical University of Munich, Department of Biotechnology and Sustainability, Straubing, Germany; German Institute of Food Technologies (DIL e.V.), Quakenbrück, Germany.
Centre for Bioengineering and Nanomedicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh.
Nutrition. 2024 Mar;119:112305. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112305. Epub 2023 Nov 24.
In bodybuilders' diets, protein plays a crucial role in supporting muscle growth and repairing damaged muscle tissue. These individuals meet their protein needs by combining dietary sources with supplements. Animal-based proteins are often preferred over plant-based proteins because they are believed to better support muscle protein synthesis. This review explores the meat consumption patterns of bodybuilders and high-level meat consumers, focusing on rabbit, beef, chicken, turkey, and lamb. We describe and compare the types of meat bodybuilders commonly consume and provide an overview of protein supplements, including meat-based options, plant-based alternatives, and whey-based products. Our aim is to gain insight into the dietary preferences of bodybuilders and high-level meat consumers, considering their nutritional requirements and the potential effect on the meat industry. We conducted an extensive search across various databases, including Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar. We found that individual choices vary based on factors such as attitudes, trust, taste, texture, nutritional content, ethical considerations, and cultural influences. Nutritional factors, including protein content, amino acid profiles, and fat levels, significantly influence the preferences of bodybuilders and high-level meat consumers. However, it is crucial to maintain a balance by incorporating other essential nutrients such as carbohydrates, healthy fats, vitamins, and minerals to ensure a complete and balanced diet. The findings from this review can inform strategies and product development initiatives tailored to the needs of bodybuilders and discerning meat enthusiasts.
在健美运动员的饮食中，蛋白质在支持肌肉生长和修复受损肌肉组织方面起着至关重要的作用。这些人通过将膳食来源与补充剂相结合来满足他们对蛋白质的需求。动物性蛋白质通常比植物性蛋白质更受青睐，因为人们认为它们能更好地支持肌肉蛋白质合成。本综述探讨了健美运动员和高水平肉类消费者的肉类消费模式，重点关注兔肉、牛肉、鸡肉、火鸡肉和羊肉。我们描述并比较了健美运动员通常食用的肉类类型，并概述了蛋白质补充剂，包括基于肉类的产品、植物性替代品和乳清蛋白产品。我们的目的是深入了解健美运动员和高水平肉类消费者的饮食偏好，同时考虑他们的营养需求以及对肉类行业的潜在影响。我们在包括Scopus、科学网、PubMed和谷歌学术在内的各种数据库中进行了广泛搜索。我们发现，个人选择因态度、信任、口味、质地、营养成分、道德考量和文化影响等因素而有所不同。营养因素，包括蛋白质含量、氨基酸谱和脂肪水平，显著影响健美运动员和高水平肉类消费者的偏好。然而，通过纳入其他必需营养素，如碳水化合物、健康脂肪、维生素和矿物质来保持平衡至关重要，以确保饮食完整且均衡。本综述的研究结果可为针对健美运动员和有鉴别力的肉类爱好者需求的策略和产品开发计划提供参考。
