Liang Dongni, Li Chunwang
Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Jan 2;14(1):149. doi: 10.3390/ani14010149.
Although the population of Przewalski's gazelle () has increased, this species is still threatened by a variety of risk factors, such as habitat loss and fragmentation, grassland fencing, grazing conflict, the segmentation of different populations, and declines in population genetic diversity. In order to determine the potential suitable habitat of Przewalski's gazelle and find a new suitable location for its conservation translocation, we used the MaxEnt model to predict the suitable habitats in Qinghai Province, Gansu Province, and the Ordos Plateau in Inner Mongolia and other regions with historical distribution records. On the basis of the MaxEnt model's prediction of the potential suitable habitat of Przewalski's gazelle, we used GAP analysis to determine the existing protection gaps and provide a new reference for the future protection of Przewalski's gazelle. We found that altitude, temperature, vegetation type, and distance from roads were the main environmental factors affecting the geographical distribution of Przewalski's gazelle. Most of the suitable habitat of Przewalski's gazelle is confined around Qinghai Lake. GAP analysis revealed that most of the suitable habitats of Przewalski's gazelle are not included in the established reserves, and Qinghai Lake National Nature Reserve only covers a small area around Qinghai Lake. The whole reserve only accounts for 7.11% of the area of the suitable habitat for Przewalski's gazelle and 15.79% of the area of the highly suitable habitat for Przewalski's gazelle. We suggest that conservation translocation for Przewalski's gazelle should be put on the agenda. It is necessary to consider reintroducing these gazelles into their potential suitable habitats as a feasible way of establishing new populations and saving this species.
尽管普氏原羚的种群数量有所增加，但该物种仍受到多种风险因素的威胁，如栖息地丧失和破碎化、草地围栏、放牧冲突、不同种群的分割以及种群遗传多样性的下降。为了确定普氏原羚潜在的适宜栖息地，并找到一个新的适宜地点进行保护易地放归，我们使用最大熵模型（MaxEnt模型）预测了青海省、甘肃省以及内蒙古鄂尔多斯高原等有历史分布记录地区的适宜栖息地。基于MaxEnt模型对普氏原羚潜在适宜栖息地的预测，我们利用GAP分析确定了现有的保护缺口，为普氏原羚未来的保护提供了新的参考。我们发现海拔、温度、植被类型和与道路的距离是影响普氏原羚地理分布的主要环境因素。普氏原羚的大部分适宜栖息地局限在青海湖周边。GAP分析表明，普氏原羚的大部分适宜栖息地未被纳入已建立的保护区，青海湖国家级自然保护区仅覆盖青海湖周边的一小部分区域。整个保护区仅占普氏原羚适宜栖息地面积的7.11%，占普氏原羚高度适宜栖息地面积的15.79%。我们建议应将普氏原羚的保护易地放归提上日程。有必要考虑将这些羚羊重新引入它们潜在的适宜栖息地，作为建立新种群和拯救该物种的一种可行方法。
