Han Suk-Jung, Yeun Young-Ran
College of Nursing, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea.
College of Nursing, Kangwon National University, Samcheok 25649, Republic of Korea.
Healthcare (Basel). 2023 Dec 28;12(1):73. doi: 10.3390/healthcare12010073.
Nurses primarily focus on caring for others, but they also require care and support to enhance their own resilience. Thus, this study aims to determine the effects of psychological interventions on nurses' resilience support and to define the influence of moderating variables that can affect these effects. The literature search was conducted in 10 electronic databases, and 5 randomized controlled trials and 10 non-randomized controlled trials were finally selected for analysis (a total of 852 participants). Statistical analyses of the effect sizes and homogeneity of the intervention programs were conducted using RevMan 5.3 from the Cochrane Library and the R program. Publication bias in the retrieved studies was tested using contour-enhanced funnel plots. The meta-analysis found that psychological interventions were effective in improving nurses' resilience immediately after the intervention (SMD = 0.59, 95% CI 0.31 to 0.86, Z = 4.18, < 0.001) and in the short term within three months (SMD = 1.52, 95% CI 0.74 to 2.31, Z = 3.80, < 0.001). Interventions using emotion regulation, relaxation, and self-compassion were particularly effective, and the intervention period was effective in both a short period of 1 day and a long period of more than 12 weeks. In addition, the optimal one-session time was 121-150 min, and offline interventions were more effective than online interventions. Furthermore, the effect size was affected by the intervention time for one session (QB = 12.02, df = 3, = 0.007) and the on/offline intervention method (QB = 5.85, df = 1, = 0.015). These findings may inform the development of targeted interventions and resilience support systems for nurses. However, in the future, more rigorous studies, such as randomized controlled trials, should be conducted to ensure strict control over the variables and to establish a stronger evidence base for the effectiveness of these interventions.
护士主要专注于照顾他人，但他们自身也需要关怀与支持以增强恢复力。因此，本研究旨在确定心理干预对护士恢复力支持的效果，并界定可能影响这些效果的调节变量的影响。在10个电子数据库中进行了文献检索，最终选取了5项随机对照试验和10项非随机对照试验进行分析（共852名参与者）。使用Cochrane图书馆的RevMan 5.3和R程序对干预方案的效应量和同质性进行了统计分析。使用等高线增强漏斗图检验检索到的研究中的发表偏倚。荟萃分析发现，心理干预在干预后即刻（标准化均数差=0.59，95%可信区间0.31至0.86，Z=4.18，P<0.001）以及三个月内的短期内（标准化均数差=1.52，95%可信区间0.74至2.31，Z=3.80，P<0.001）对提高护士的恢复力有效。使用情绪调节、放松和自我同情的干预尤其有效，干预期在1天的短时间和超过12周的长时间内均有效。此外，最佳单次干预时间为121 - 150分钟，线下干预比线上干预更有效。此外，效应量受单次干预时间（Qb=12.02，自由度=3，P=0.007）和线上/线下干预方法（Qb=5.85，自由度=1，P=0.015）的影响。这些发现可为针对护士的针对性干预和恢复力支持系统的开发提供参考。然而，未来应开展更严格的研究，如随机对照试验，以确保对变量进行严格控制，并为这些干预的有效性建立更有力的证据基础。
