Sivamani Raja K, Chakkalakal Mincy, Pan Adrianne, Nadora Dawnica, Min Mildred, Dumont Ashley, Burney Waqas A, Chambers Cindy J
Integrative Skin Science and Research, Sacramento, CA 95815, USA.
Department of Dermatology, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, CA 95616, USA.
Foods. 2023 Dec 19;13(1):15. doi: 10.3390/foods13010015.
L., commonly known as the pomegranate, is an abundant source of polyphenols, including hydrolyzable ellagitannins, ellagic acid, anthocyanins, and other bioactive phytochemicals shown to be effective in defending against oxidative stress, and has immunomodulatory activities. Ellagitannins, and their hydrolyzed product ellagic acid, interact with the gut microbiota to yield secondary metabolites known as urolithins that may have health benefits. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of supplementation with a standardized punicalagin-enriched pomegranate extract, Pomella (250 mg), on the gut microbiome, circulating short-chain fatty acids, and gut microbial-derived ellagitannin metabolite urolithins. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted over 4 weeks on healthy volunteers aged 25-55 years. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive either an oral supplement containing 75 mg of punicalagin or an oral placebo. Stool sample collection and venipuncture were performed to analyze the gut microbiome, SCFAs, and urolithin. There was no significant change in the gut microbial diversity in both cohorts after 4 weeks of intervention, but there was a significantly increased relative abundance of , , , , , and . Pomegranate extract (PE) supplementation led to the augmentation of circulating propionate levels ( = 0.02) and an increasing trend for acetate levels ( = 0.12). The pomegranate extract (PE) supplementation group had an increased level of circulating urolithins compared to the placebo group (6.6% vs. 1.1%, = 0.13). PE supplementation correlated with shifts in the gut microbiome and with higher circulating levels of propionate and acetate. Further studies should explore the implications in larger cohorts and over a longer duration.
石榴，通常被称为安石榴，是多酚的丰富来源，包括可水解鞣花单宁、鞣花酸、花青素以及其他已证明在抵御氧化应激方面有效的生物活性植物化学物质，并且具有免疫调节活性。鞣花单宁及其水解产物鞣花酸与肠道微生物群相互作用，产生称为尿石素的次级代谢产物，可能对健康有益。本研究的目的是确定补充标准化富含石榴皮素的石榴提取物Pomella（250毫克）对肠道微生物群、循环短链脂肪酸和肠道微生物衍生的鞣花单宁代谢产物尿石素的影响。对25至55岁的健康志愿者进行了一项为期4周的随机、双盲、安慰剂对照研究。受试者被随机分配接受含有75毫克石榴皮素的口服补充剂或口服安慰剂。进行粪便样本采集和静脉穿刺以分析肠道微生物群、短链脂肪酸和尿石素。干预4周后，两个队列的肠道微生物多样性均无显著变化，但 、 、 、 、 和 的相对丰度显著增加。补充石榴提取物（PE）导致循环丙酸水平升高（ = 0.02），乙酸水平有上升趋势（ = 0.12）。与安慰剂组相比，石榴提取物（PE）补充组的循环尿石素水平升高（6.6%对1.1%， = 0.13）。补充PE与肠道微生物群的变化以及丙酸和乙酸循环水平升高相关。进一步的研究应在更大的队列中并在更长的时间内探索其影响。
