Dayal Anuhya, Pan Jennifer M, Kwan Stacey P, Ackermann Maximilian, Khalil Hassan A, Mentzer Steven J
Laboratory of Adaptive and Regenerative Biology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
Polymers (Basel). 2023 Dec 19;16(1):4. doi: 10.3390/polym16010004.
Targeted drug delivery to visceral organs offers the possibility of not only limiting the required dose, but also minimizing drug toxicity; however, there is no reliable method for delivering drugs to the surface of visceral organs. Here, we used six color tracers and the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model to investigate the use of the heteropolysaccharide pectin to facilitate tracer diffusion across the glycocalyceal charge barrier. The color tracers included brilliant blue, Congo red, crystal violet, indocyanine green, methylene blue, and methyl green. The direct application of the tracers to the CAM surface or embedding tracers into linear-chain nanocellulose fiber films resulted in no significant diffusion into the CAM. In contrast, when the tracers were actively loaded into branched-chain pectin films, there was significant detectable diffusion of the tracers into the CAM. The facilitated diffusion was observed in the three cationic tracers but was limited in the three anionic tracers. Diffusion appeared to be dependent on ionic charge, but independent of tracer size or molecular mass. We conclude that dye-loaded pectin films facilitated the diffusion of color tracers across the glycocalyceal charge barrier and may provide a therapeutic path for drug delivery to the surface of visceral organs.
靶向药物递送至内脏器官不仅提供了限制所需剂量的可能性，还能将药物毒性降至最低；然而，目前尚无将药物递送至内脏器官表面的可靠方法。在此，我们使用六种彩色示踪剂和鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜（CAM）模型来研究杂多糖果胶促进示踪剂穿过糖萼电荷屏障的扩散作用。这些彩色示踪剂包括亮蓝、刚果红、结晶紫、吲哚菁绿、亚甲蓝和甲基绿。将示踪剂直接应用于CAM表面或将示踪剂嵌入直链纳米纤维素纤维膜中，均未观察到示踪剂向CAM的显著扩散。相比之下，当示踪剂被主动加载到支链果胶膜中时，可检测到示踪剂向CAM的显著扩散。在三种阳离子示踪剂中观察到促进扩散，但在三种阴离子示踪剂中受到限制。扩散似乎取决于离子电荷，但与示踪剂大小或分子量无关。我们得出结论，载有染料的果胶膜促进了彩色示踪剂穿过糖萼电荷屏障的扩散，并可能为药物递送至内脏器官表面提供一条治疗途径。
