Department of Hospital Nutrition and Dietetics, University Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Bohoričeva 20, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Department of Allergology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Nutrients. 2023 Dec 22;16(1):48. doi: 10.3390/nu16010048.
Data suggest that food allergies greatly impact a child's health and growth due to inadequate nutrient intake. Our study aimed to establish the long-term outcome of children with food allergies compared to a control group.
This study was a retrospective cohort study with longitudinal follow-up with a mean period of 4.85 years from the diagnosis to the last study visit. The patients' nutritional intake was assessed using a three-day food diary and analysed by a dietitian. Patients (61 boys and 33 girls, mean age 6.9 years) had a single food allergy including 21 patients with cow's milk, 34 with egg, and 39 with peanut allergies. The control group included 36 children (19 boys and 17 girls, mean age 8.03 years). Blood analysis was performed on all participants.
Data from our study showed that patients with cow's milk, egg or peanut allergies had normal growth and achieved catch-up growth from the diagnosis until the last study visit. In the cow's milk allergy group, the allergy was shown to affect calcium intake ( < 0.05), while egg and peanut allergies did not impact the dietary intake of nutrients. None of the investigated food allergies affected blood results ( < 0.05).
In the present study, we showed that single food allergies do not compromise growth in children if they are provided with appropriate support and that the affected children reach catch-up growth from the diagnosis.
数据表明，由于摄入的营养不足，食物过敏极大地影响了儿童的健康和成长。我们的研究旨在比较食物过敏儿童与对照组的长期结果。
这是一项回顾性队列研究，具有纵向随访，从诊断到最后一次研究访问的平均时间为 4.85 年。营养师使用三天食物日记评估患者的营养摄入量并进行分析。患者（61 名男孩和 33 名女孩，平均年龄 6.9 岁）患有单一食物过敏，包括 21 例牛奶过敏、34 例鸡蛋过敏和 39 例花生过敏。对照组包括 36 名儿童（19 名男孩和 17 名女孩，平均年龄 8.03 岁）。所有参与者均进行了血液分析。
我们的研究数据表明，患有牛奶、鸡蛋或花生过敏的患者生长正常，并在诊断至最后一次研究访问期间实现了追赶生长。在牛奶过敏组中，过敏被证明会影响钙的摄入（<0.05），而鸡蛋和花生过敏不会影响营养素的饮食摄入。没有一种调查的食物过敏会影响血液结果（<0.05）。
在本研究中，我们表明，如果为患有单一食物过敏的儿童提供适当的支持，他们的生长不会受到影响，并且受影响的儿童从诊断开始就会实现追赶生长。
