Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profiling of Heavy Metal ATPase (HMA) Genes in Peanut: Potential Roles in Heavy Metal Transport.

The heavy metal ATPase (HMA) family belongs to the P-type ATPase superfamily and plays an essential role in the regulation of metal homeostasis in plants. However, the gene family has not been fully investigated in peanut. Here, a genome-wide identification and bioinformatics analysis was performed on genes in peanut, and the expression of 12 genes in response to Cu, Zn, and Cd was evaluated in two peanut cultivars (Silihong and Fenghua 1) differing in Cd accumulation. A total of 21 genes were identified in the peanut genome, including ten paralogous gene pairs derived from whole-genome duplication, and an additional gene resulting from tandem duplication. AhHMA proteins could be divided into six groups (I-VI), belonging to two clades (Zn/Co/Cd/Pb-ATPases and Cu/Ag-ATPases). Most AhHMA proteins within the same clade or group generally have a similar structure. However, significant divergence exists in the exon/intron organization even between duplicated gene pairs. RNA-seq data showed that most genes are preferentially expressed in roots, shoots, and reproductive tissues. qRT-PCR results revealed that /, /, /, and might be involved in Zn transport in peanut plants, while and might be involved in Cd transport. Our findings provide clues to further characterize the functions of genes in metal uptake and translocation in peanut plants.