Cha Min-Sang, Kim Dae-Gon, Huh Yoon-Hyuk, Cho Lee-Ra, Park Chan-Jin
Department of Dentistry, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, Republic of Korea.
Department of Prosthodontics and Research Institute of Oral Science, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea.
J Adv Prosthodont. 2023 Dec;15(6):302-314. doi: 10.4047/jap.2023.15.6.302. Epub 2023 Dec 18.
The aim of this study was to classify the shapes of retromolar pads and assess their morphometric differences using a 3D model.
Two hundred fully edentulous or Kennedy Class I partially edentulous patients (400 retromolar pads) were enrolled. Scan data of the definitive mandibular casts produced through functional impressions were obtained using a 3D laser scanner. Seven parameters (transverse diameter, longitudinal diameter, transverse-contour length, longitudinal-contour length, longitudinal/transverse diameter ratio, longitudinal/transverse-contour length ratio, and angle of the retromolar pad line to the residual alveolar ridge line) were measured using image analysis software. Subsequently, the pads were classified according to the shape. Statistical analyses were performed using 95% confidence intervals.
Classifying the retromolar pads into three shapes led to high intra-examiner reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.933). The pear shape was the most common (56.5%), followed by oval/round (27.7%) and triangular (15.8%) shapes. There were no significant differences between the left and right sides according to the shape and no significant differences in any parameter according to age. The transverse diameter and longitudinal/transverse diameter ratio differed between sexes ( < .05). The triangular shape had a significantly different transverse diameter, transverse-contour length, longitudinal/transverse diameter ratio, and longitudinal/transverse-contour length ratio compared with the pear and oval/round shapes ( < .05).
From a clinical reliability standpoint, classifying retromolar pads into three shapes (oval/round, pear-shaped, and triangular) is effective. The differences in the sizes among the shapes were attributed to the transverse measurement values.
本研究旨在使用三维模型对磨牙后垫的形状进行分类，并评估其形态计量学差异。
纳入200例全口无牙或肯氏I类部分无牙患者（400个磨牙后垫）。通过功能性印模制作的确定性下颌模型的扫描数据，使用三维激光扫描仪获取。使用图像分析软件测量七个参数（横向直径、纵向直径、横向轮廓长度、纵向轮廓长度、纵向/横向直径比、纵向/横向轮廓长度比以及磨牙后垫线与残余牙槽嵴线的夹角）。随后，根据形状对磨牙后垫进行分类。使用95%置信区间进行统计分析。
将磨牙后垫分为三种形状具有较高的检查者内信度（Cronbach's alpha = 0.933）。梨形最为常见（56.5%），其次是椭圆形/圆形（27.7%）和三角形（15.8%）。根据形状，左右两侧之间无显著差异，根据年龄，任何参数均无显著差异。横向直径和纵向/横向直径比在性别之间存在差异（P <.05）。与梨形和椭圆形/圆形相比，三角形的横向直径、横向轮廓长度、纵向/横向直径比以及纵向/横向轮廓长度比存在显著差异（P <.05）。
从临床可靠性的角度来看，将磨牙后垫分为三种形状（椭圆形/圆形、梨形和三角形）是有效的。形状之间大小的差异归因于横向测量值。
