罗西，一款面向新妈妈的健康教育问答聊天机器人：随机试点研究。

Rosie, a Health Education Question-and-Answer Chatbot for New Mothers: Randomized Pilot Study.

作者信息

Nguyen Quynh C, Aparicio Elizabeth M, Jasczynski Michelle, Channell Doig Amara, Yue Xiaohe, Mane Heran, Srikanth Neha, Gutierrez Francia Ximena Marin, Delcid Nataly, He Xin, Boyd-Graber Jordan

机构信息

Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD, United States.

Department of Behavioral and Community Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD, United States.

出版信息

JMIR Form Res. 2024 Jan 12;8:e51361. doi: 10.2196/51361.

DOI:10.2196/51361

PMID:38214963

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10818229/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Stark disparities exist in maternal and child outcomes and there is a need to provide timely and accurate health information.

OBJECTIVE

In this pilot study, we assessed the feasibility and acceptability of a health chatbot for new mothers of color.

METHODS

Rosie, a question-and-answer chatbot, was developed as a mobile app and is available to answer questions about pregnancy, parenting, and child development. From January 9, 2023, to February 9, 2023, participants were recruited using social media posts and through engagement with community organizations. Inclusion criteria included being aged ≥14 years, being a woman of color, and either being currently pregnant or having given birth within the past 6 months. Participants were randomly assigned to the Rosie treatment group (15/29, 52% received the Rosie app) or control group (14/29, 48% received a children's book each month) for 3 months. Those assigned to the treatment group could ask Rosie questions and receive an immediate response generated from Rosie's knowledgebase. Upon detection of a possible health emergency, Rosie sends emergency resources and relevant hotline information. In addition, a study staff member, who is a clinical social worker, reaches out to the participant within 24 hours to follow up. Preintervention and postintervention tests were completed to qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate Rosie and describe changes across key health outcomes, including postpartum depression and the frequency of emergency room visits. These measurements were used to inform the clinical trial's sample size calculations.

RESULTS

Of 41 individuals who were screened and eligible, 31 (76%) enrolled and 29 (71%) were retained in the study. More than 87% (13/15) of Rosie treatment group members reported using Rosie daily (5/15, 33%) or weekly (8/15, 53%) across the 3-month study period. Most users reported that Rosie was easy to use (14/15, 93%) and provided responses quickly (13/15, 87%). The remaining issues identified included crashing of the app (8/15, 53%), and users were not satisfied with some of Rosie's answers (12/15, 80%). Mothers in both the Rosie treatment group and control group experienced a decline in depression scores from pretest to posttest periods, but the decline was statistically significant only among treatment group mothers (P=.008). In addition, a low proportion of treatment group infants had emergency room visits (1/11, 9%) compared with control group members (3/13, 23%). Nonetheless, no between-group differences reached statistical significance at P<.05.

CONCLUSIONS

Rosie was found to be an acceptable, feasible, and appropriate intervention for ethnic and racial minority pregnant women and mothers of infants owing to the chatbot's ability to provide a personalized, flexible tool to increase the timeliness and accessibility of high-quality health information to individuals during a period of elevated health risks for the mother and child.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06053515; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06053515.

摘要

背景

母婴健康结局存在巨大差异，因此需要提供及时准确的健康信息。

目的

在这项试点研究中，我们评估了一款面向有色人种新妈妈的健康聊天机器人的可行性和可接受性。

方法

问答式聊天机器人罗西被开发成一款移动应用程序，可用于回答有关怀孕、育儿和儿童发育的问题。2023年1月9日至2023年2月9日，通过社交媒体帖子和与社区组织合作招募参与者。纳入标准包括年龄≥14岁、为有色人种女性、目前怀孕或在过去6个月内分娩。参与者被随机分配到罗西治疗组（29人中有15人，52%收到罗西应用程序）或对照组（29人中有14人，48%每月收到一本儿童读物），为期3个月。分配到治疗组的人可以向罗西提问，并收到罗西知识库生成的即时回复。检测到可能的健康紧急情况时，罗西会发送紧急资源和相关热线信息。此外，一名临床社会工作者研究人员会在24小时内联系参与者进行跟进。在干预前和干预后进行测试，以定性和定量评估罗西，并描述关键健康结局的变化，包括产后抑郁症和急诊室就诊频率。这些测量结果用于为临床试验的样本量计算提供信息。

结果

在41名经过筛选且符合条件的个体中，31人（76%）登记参加研究，29人（71%）被保留在研究中。在为期3个月的研究期间，超过87%（13/15）的罗西治疗组成员报告每天（5/15，33%）或每周（8/15，53%）使用罗西。大多数用户报告说罗西易于使用（14/15，93%）且回复迅速（13/15，87%）。发现的其他问题包括应用程序崩溃（8/15，53%），并且用户对罗西的一些回答不满意（12/15，80%）。罗西治疗组和对照组的母亲在测试前到测试后期间抑郁得分均有所下降，但仅治疗组母亲的下降具有统计学意义（P = 0.008）。此外，与对照组成员（3/13，23%）相比，治疗组婴儿急诊室就诊的比例较低（1/11，9%）。尽管如此，组间差异在P < 0.05时均未达到统计学意义。