Luo Keming, Peng Tao, Zheng Yaxuan, Ni Yufeng, Liu Ping, Guan Qingbao, You Zhengwei
State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Functional Materials, Research Base of Textile Materials for Flexible Electronics and Biomedical Applications (China Textile Engineering Society), Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
High-Tech Organic Fibers Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610042, China.
Adv Mater. 2024 Apr;36(16):e2312500. doi: 10.1002/adma.202312500. Epub 2024 Jan 21.
Polymers are playing important roles in the rapid development of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs); However, most polymers cannot meet the high requirements of thermomechanical performance; Thus, various polymeric composites are developed for triboelectric layer. These composites are hardly recycled since their reinforcements are unevenly distributed after reprocessing, which limits the sustainable development of TENGs. To solve the above challenges, in situ generated nanofiber reinforced composites (NFRCs) based on single-component liquid crystal polyarylate (LCP) are designed and prepared via a one-step polycondensation. Nonlinear naphthalene (NDA) widens the processing window of LCP without destabilizing the liquid crystal phase. The NDA-rich domains act as a matrix while the NDA-poor domains with higher rigidity form oriented nanofibers to achieve self-reinforcement. The resultant NFRCs possess high glass transition temperature (T > 220 °C) and storage modulus (E' = 0.1 GPa at 350 °C), which are far beyond existing triboelectric polymers, typically T < 110 °C and E' < 0.1 MPa (flowable) at 350 °C. Furthermore, NFRC-based TENG exhibits superior electrical output performance and retention rate (>90%) after reprocessing; Overall, this work offers a new design principle to prepare self-reinforced composites, which paves a way to explore high performance materials.
聚合物在摩擦电纳米发电机（TENGs）的快速发展中发挥着重要作用；然而，大多数聚合物无法满足热机械性能的高要求；因此，人们开发了各种用于摩擦电层的聚合物复合材料。这些复合材料在再加工后由于增强材料分布不均而难以回收利用，这限制了TENGs的可持续发展。为了解决上述挑战，通过一步缩聚反应设计并制备了基于单组分液晶聚芳酯（LCP）的原位生成纳米纤维增强复合材料（NFRCs）。非线性萘（NDA）拓宽了LCP的加工窗口，同时不会破坏液晶相。富含NDA的区域充当基体，而具有较高刚性的贫NDA区域形成取向纳米纤维以实现自增强。所得的NFRCs具有高玻璃化转变温度（T>220°C）和储能模量（在350°C时E' = 0.1 GPa），远远超过现有的摩擦电聚合物，通常在350°C时T<110°C且E'<0.1 MPa（可流动）。此外，基于NFRC的TENG在再加工后表现出优异的电输出性能和保留率（>90%）；总体而言，这项工作为制备自增强复合材料提供了一种新的设计原则，为探索高性能材料铺平了道路。
