Soczynska Izabela, da Costa Bruno R, O'Connor Deborah L, Jenkins David Ja, Birken Catherine S, Keown-Stoneman Charles Dg, Maguire Jonathon L
Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Joannah and Brian Lawson Centre for Child Nutrition, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
J Nutr. 2024 Mar;154(3):985-993. doi: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.12.046. Epub 2024 Jan 12.
The effects of plant-based milk consumption on the growth of children are unclear.
We aimed to evaluate the relationship between plant-based milk consumption and BMI in childhood. Secondary objectives were to examine the association with height and whether these relationships are mediated by dairy milk intake and modified by age or the type of plant-based milk consumed.
A prospective cohort study was conducted in healthy children aged 1-10 y through the TARGet Kids! primary care research network in Toronto, Canada. Linear mixed-effect modeling and logistic generalized estimating equations were used to evaluate the association between plant-based milk consumption (number of 250 mL cups/d) and BMI. A mediation analysis was conducted to examine whether dairy milk intake mediated these relationships. Effect modification by age and type of plant-based milk was explored.
Among 7195 children (mean age: 3.1 y; 52.3% male), higher plant-based milk consumption was associated with lower BMI (P = 0.0002) and height (P = 0.005). No association was found with BMI categories. Lower dairy milk intake partially mediated these relationships. A child aged 5 y who consumed 3 cups of plant-based milk compared with 3 cups of dairy milk had a lower weight of 0.5 kg and lower height of 0.8 cm. Associations did not change over time and were similar for children who consumed soy milk compared with other plant-based milks.
Plant-based milk consumption was associated with lower BMI and height, but both were within the normal range on average. Future longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether these associations persist over time.
食用植物奶对儿童生长的影响尚不清楚。
我们旨在评估儿童期食用植物奶与体重指数（BMI）之间的关系。次要目的是研究其与身高的关联，以及这些关系是否由食用牛奶介导，并受年龄或所饮用植物奶类型的影响。
通过加拿大多伦多的“目标儿童”初级保健研究网络，对1至10岁的健康儿童进行了一项前瞻性队列研究。使用线性混合效应模型和逻辑广义估计方程来评估植物奶摄入量（每日250毫升杯数）与BMI之间的关联。进行了中介分析，以检验牛奶摄入量是否介导了这些关系。探讨了年龄和植物奶类型的效应修饰作用。
在7195名儿童（平均年龄：3.1岁；52.3%为男性）中，较高的植物奶摄入量与较低的BMI（P = 0.0002）和身高（P = 0.005）相关。未发现与BMI类别有关联。较低的牛奶摄入量部分介导了这些关系。一名5岁儿童饮用3杯植物奶与饮用3杯牛奶相比，体重低0.5千克，身高低0.8厘米。随着时间推移，关联没有变化，饮用豆奶的儿童与饮用其他植物奶的儿童情况相似。
食用植物奶与较低的BMI和身高相关，但平均而言两者均在正常范围内。需要未来的纵向研究来确定这些关联是否会随着时间持续存在。
