Ponugoti Arathi, Ngo Hoan, Stinnett Sandra, Vajzovic Lejla
Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Eye Center, Durham, NC, USA.
School of Biomedical Engineering, International University-VNU HCMC, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
J Vitreoretin Dis. 2023 Nov 22;8(1):21-28. doi: 10.1177/24741264231205071. eCollection 2024 Jan-Feb.
To determine whether there are significant differences in the microvasculature and central retinal thickness (CRT) between e-cigarette users (user group) and age-matched nonusers (control group) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). In this prospective cross-sectional observational study, OCTA images were acquired of 52 eyes of 26 users and 25 eyes of 25 age-matched nonusers. Daily e-cigarette users with no ocular history were identified from provider information in the electronic medical record. A custom algorithm was used to calculate the foveal avascular zone (FAZ), vessel area density (VAD), and vessel length density (VLD). OCT software was used to calculate the foveal, superior, inferior, nasal, and temporal CRT. Generalized estimating equations using the Z-statistic were used to determine how the FAZ, VAD, VLD, and CRT parameters varied between groups and to assess the differential contribution of descriptive data in the user group. No statistically significant difference was found between the user group and control group in the FAZ, superficial vascular complex (SVC) VAD, SVC VLD, or deep vascular complex (DVC) VAD. A statistically significant difference was found for DVC VLD ( = .002), with the user group having a slightly higher VLD on average. Superior, temporal, and inferior inner macular thicknesses were significantly thinner in the user group ( = .038, = .012, and = .035, respectively). Significant negative differences were found in CRT measures but not in retinal microvasculature parameters between e-cigarette users and nonusers. Decreased inferior, temporal, and superior inner macular thickness in e-cigarette users may show an early chronic structural effect that warrants further assessment of retinal effects as this population ages and continues to use e-cigarettes.
使用光学相干断层扫描血管造影（OCTA）来确定电子烟使用者（使用者组）和年龄匹配的非使用者（对照组）之间的微血管系统和中心视网膜厚度（CRT）是否存在显著差异。在这项前瞻性横断面观察研究中，对26名使用者的52只眼睛和25名年龄匹配的非使用者的25只眼睛进行了OCTA图像采集。从电子病历中的提供者信息中识别出无眼部病史的每日电子烟使用者。使用自定义算法计算黄斑无血管区（FAZ）、血管面积密度（VAD）和血管长度密度（VLD）。使用OCT软件计算黄斑、上方、下方、鼻侧和颞侧的CRT。使用Z统计量的广义估计方程来确定FAZ、VAD、VLD和CRT参数在组间如何变化，并评估使用者组中描述性数据的差异贡献。在使用者组和对照组之间，FAZ、浅表血管复合体（SVC）VAD、SVC VLD或深部血管复合体（DVC）VAD未发现统计学上的显著差异。发现DVC VLD存在统计学上的显著差异（P = 0.002）,使用者组的平均VLD略高。使用者组的上方、颞侧和下方黄斑内层厚度明显更薄（分别为P = 0.038、P = 0.012和P = 0.035）。电子烟使用者和非使用者之间在CRT测量中发现了显著的负差异，但在视网膜微血管参数中未发现。电子烟使用者下方、颞侧和上方黄斑内层厚度的降低可能显示出早期慢性结构效应，随着该人群年龄增长并继续使用电子烟，有必要进一步评估视网膜效应。
