美国城乡之间的日光暴露和防护行为差异。
Rural-Urban Differences in Sun Exposure and Protection Behaviors in the United States.
机构信息
Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
出版信息
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2024 Apr 3;33(4):608-615. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-23-1264.
BACKGROUND
Evidence regarding whether rural residence is a risk factor for skin cancer is mixed. We compared sun exposure and protection behaviors between rural and urban residents by ethno-racial group in the United States.
METHODS
We analyzed data from three (2013-2018) National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cycles. We compared self-reported sun exposure and protection measures (sunburn, time spent outside, sunscreen use, wearing long sleeves, staying in shade) by rural-urban residential status using survey-weighted logistic regression models stratified by ethno-racial group, adjusting for age, sex, income, education, body mass index, and smoking.
RESULTS
Hispanic rural versus urban residents more often reported sunburns in the past year [41.6% vs. 31.2%, adjusted OR (aOR): 1.46 (1.15-1.86)]. White rural versus urban residents more often spent 2+ hours outside on workdays [42.9% vs. 29.1%, aOR: 1.60 (1.27-2.01)] and non-workdays [72.2% vs. 64.8%, aOR: 1.45 (1.12-1.88)] and less often used sunscreen [26.0% vs. 35.1%, aOR: 0.74 (0.59-0.93)] and stayed in the shade [21.7% vs. 26.7%, aOR: 0.72 (0.57-0.89)]. Black rural versus urban residents stayed in the shade less often [31.6% vs. 43.9%, aOR: 0.60 (0.39-0.91)] but less often spent 2+ hours outside on non-workdays [47.6% vs. 56.8%, aOR: 0.67 (0.51-0.90)].
CONCLUSIONS
Across all ethno-racial groups included, rural residents reported greater sun risk behaviors than urban residents, with some nuances by ethno-racial identity, suggesting rural residence is a potential risk factor for skin cancer.
IMPACT
Sun protection promotion programs should consider rural-urban settings while also accounting for ethno-racial identities.
背景
有关农村居民是否为皮肤癌风险因素的证据存在差异。我们通过人种和种族群体比较了美国农村和城市居民的阳光暴露和保护行为。
方法
我们分析了三项（2013-2018 年）国家健康和营养调查周期的数据。我们根据人种和种族群体，通过调查加权逻辑回归模型比较了农村和城市居住状态下的自我报告阳光暴露和保护措施（晒伤、户外活动时间、防晒霜使用、穿长袖衣服、待在阴凉处），并调整了年龄、性别、收入、教育、体重指数和吸烟因素。
结果
与城市居民相比，西班牙裔农村居民更经常报告过去一年有晒伤[41.6% vs. 31.2%，调整后的优势比（aOR）：1.46（1.15-1.86）]。与城市居民相比，白人农村居民在工作日[42.9% vs. 29.1%，aOR：1.60（1.27-2.01）]和非工作日[72.2% vs. 64.8%，aOR：1.45（1.12-1.88）]更经常在户外活动 2 小时以上，且较少使用防晒霜[26.0% vs. 35.1%，aOR：0.74（0.59-0.93）]和待在阴凉处[21.7% vs. 26.7%，aOR：0.72（0.57-0.89）]。与城市居民相比，黑人农村居民待在阴凉处的时间更少[31.6% vs. 43.9%，aOR：0.60（0.39-0.91）]，但在非工作日[47.6% vs. 56.8%，aOR：0.67（0.51-0.90）]户外活动 2 小时以上的时间更少。
结论
在包括所有种族群体中，农村居民比城市居民报告的阳光风险行为更多，且因种族身份存在细微差别，这表明农村居住可能是皮肤癌的一个潜在风险因素。
影响
防晒促进计划应考虑城乡环境，同时考虑人种和种族身份。
Zotero 插件