Hall H I, May D S, Lew R A, Koh H K, Nadel M
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Prev Med. 1997 Jul-Aug;26(4):401-7. doi: 10.1006/pmed.1997.0168.
Sun protection behaviors are recommended to prevent skin cancer, which has increased in incidence. This study measured the prevalence of sun protection behaviors and determined personal characteristics associated with them.
Data from 10,048 white respondents to the 1992 National Health Interview Survey Cancer Control Supplement were analyzed. Multiple logistic regression models were constructed to relate personal characteristics to specific behaviors.
Fifty-three percent of respondents reported they were "very likely" to use sunscreen, wear protective clothing, or seek shade if they were outside on a sunny day for more than 1 hr. Proportions for the individual behaviors were 32, 28, and 30%, respectively. Compared with people who do not burn, those reporting severe sunburn after 1 hr of sun exposure reported more use of sunscreens (odds ratio [OR] = 2.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.0, 2.9), shade (OR = 1.8, 95% CI 1.5, 2.1), and protective clothing (OR = 2.2, 95% CI 1.9, 2.7). Other factors associated with practicing protection behaviors included a personal history of skin cancer, older age, and female sex.
A large percentage of white U.S. adults did not protect themselves from sun exposure. Additional education of the general public and persons at higher risk for skin cancer is needed.
推荐采取防晒行为来预防皮肤癌，其发病率呈上升趋势。本研究测量了防晒行为的流行程度，并确定了与之相关的个人特征。
对1992年美国国家健康访谈调查癌症控制补充调查中10,048名白人受访者的数据进行了分析。构建了多个逻辑回归模型，以将个人特征与特定行为联系起来。
53%的受访者表示，如果他们在晴天外出超过1小时，他们“非常有可能”使用防晒霜、穿防护服或寻找阴凉处。各项行为的比例分别为32%、28%和30%。与不容易晒伤的人相比，那些在日晒1小时后报告有严重晒伤的人更多地使用防晒霜（优势比[OR]=2.4，95%置信区间[CI]2.0，2.9）、寻找阴凉处（OR=1.8，95%CI 1.5，2.1）和穿防护服（OR=2.2，95%CI 1.9，2.7）。与采取防晒行为相关的其他因素包括皮肤癌个人史、年龄较大和女性。
很大比例的美国成年白人没有采取防晒措施。需要对普通公众和皮肤癌高危人群进行更多教育。
