Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855, Athens, Greece.
Department of Marine Sciences, University of the Aegean, University Hill 81100, Mytilene, Greece.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2024 Dec;108(1):138. doi: 10.1007/s00253-023-12936-z. Epub 2024 Jan 16.
Microalgae species encounter oxidative stress in their natural environments, prompting the development of species-specific adaptation mechanisms. Understanding these mechanisms can offer valuable insights for biotechnological applications in microalgal metabolic manipulation. In this study, we investigated the response of Tetraselmis chuii, an industrially important microalga, to HO-induced oxidative stress. Exposure to 0.5-mM HO resulted in reduced cell viability, and higher concentrations led to a drastic decline. After 1 h of exposure to HO, photosynthetic capacity (Qy) was negatively impacted, and this reduction intensified after 6 h of continuous stress. Global multi-omics analysis revealed that T. chuii rapidly responded to HO-induced oxidative stress within the first hour, causing significant changes in both transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles. Among the cellular functions negatively affected were carbon and energy flow, with photosynthesis-related PSBQ having a 2.4-fold downregulation, pyruvate kinase decreased by 1.5-fold, and urea content reduced by threefold. Prolonged exposure to HO incurred a high energy cost, leading to unsuccessful attempts to enhance carbon metabolism, as depicted, for example, by the upregulation of photosystems-related PETC and PETJ by more than twofold. These findings indicate that T. chuii quickly responds to oxidative stress, but extended exposure can have detrimental effects on its cellular functions. KEY POINTS: • 0.5-mM HO-induced oxidative stress strongly affects T. chuii • Distinct short- and long-term adaptation mechanisms are induced • Major metabolic adaptations occur within the first hour of exposure.
微藻在其自然环境中会遇到氧化应激，促使其产生特定于物种的适应机制。了解这些机制可为微藻代谢操作的生物技术应用提供有价值的见解。在这项研究中，我们研究了工业上重要的微藻四尾栅藻对 HO 诱导的氧化应激的反应。暴露于 0.5 mM HO 会降低细胞活力，而更高的浓度会导致急剧下降。暴露于 HO 1 小时后，光合作用能力（Qy）受到负面影响，并且在持续应激 6 小时后这种减少加剧。全局多组学分析表明，T. chuii 在最初的 1 小时内迅速响应 HO 诱导的氧化应激，导致转录组和代谢组图谱发生显著变化。受负面影响的细胞功能包括碳和能量流，与光合作用相关的 PSBQ 下调 2.4 倍，丙酮酸激酶降低 1.5 倍，尿素含量降低 3 倍。长时间暴露于 HO 会造成高能量成本，导致试图增强碳代谢不成功，例如，与光合作用相关的 PETC 和 PETJ 的上调超过两倍。这些发现表明，T. chuii 会迅速对氧化应激做出反应，但长时间暴露会对其细胞功能产生不利影响。关键点： • 0.5 mM HO 诱导的氧化应激强烈影响 T. chuii • 诱导了不同的短期和长期适应机制 • 主要代谢适应发生在暴露的最初 1 小时内。
