Maria Fareri Children's Hospital, Westchester Medical Center, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York.
Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford Children's Health, San Francisco, California, USA.
J Hypertens. 2024 Apr 1;42(4):644-649. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000003652. Epub 2024 Jan 8.
Although anxiety is known to be associated with elevated blood pressure and hypertension in adults, this has not been studied in children. The aim of this study was to determine the association between anxiety and elevated blood pressures in adolescents.
Adolescents, aged 12-18 years old, referred to the nephrology clinic were eligible to participate. Elevated blood pressure was defined as either SBP or DBP measurement above the 95th percentile for age, height, and sex. Participants were evaluated for anxiety using the validated Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders questionnaire filled independently by the child (SCARED-C) and parent (SCARED-P) evaluating the child.
Two hundred adolescents participated in this study. Thirty-one (53%) of SCARED-P-positive participants were found to have elevated blood pressure compared with 27 (19%) of SCARED-P negative, P 0.03. Twenty-five (43%) of SCARED-P positive had elevated DBP compared with 31 (28%) of SCARED-P negative ( P 0.003). In SCARED-P positive, mean DBP (78.4 ± 9.9) was higher compared with SCARED-P negative (74.9 ± 9.2) ( P 0.03). In a subgroup of adolescents (№ 130) not treated with blood pressure medications mean DBP was higher in both SCARED-P (79.0 ± 10.1) and SCARED-C (77.1 ± 10.4) positive groups compared with SCARED-P (73.6 ± 9.3) and SCARED-C (73 ± 8.9) negative, respectively.
Our study demonstrates an association between anxiety and elevated DBP in adolescent children. Screening adolescents for anxiety should be a part of the routine evaluation of adolescent children.
虽然焦虑与成年人的血压升高和高血压有关，但这在儿童中尚未得到研究。本研究旨在确定青少年焦虑与血压升高之间的关系。
年龄在 12-18 岁之间、被转介到肾病诊所的青少年有资格参与。高血压的定义为收缩压或舒张压测量值高于年龄、身高和性别对应的第 95 百分位数。使用经过验证的儿童焦虑相关障碍筛查问卷（Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders questionnaire）评估参与者的焦虑情况，该问卷由儿童（SCARED-C）和家长（SCARED-P）独立填写，评估儿童的焦虑情况。
本研究共有 200 名青少年参与。与 SCARED-P 阴性者相比，SCARED-P 阳性者中 31 人（53%）的血压升高，P<0.03。SCARED-P 阳性者中 25 人（43%）的舒张压升高，而 SCARED-P 阴性者中 31 人（28%）的舒张压升高（P<0.003）。在 SCARED-P 阳性者中，平均舒张压（78.4±9.9）高于 SCARED-P 阴性者（74.9±9.2）（P<0.03）。在未接受降压药物治疗的青少年亚组（№ 130）中，SCARED-P（79.0±10.1）和 SCARED-C（77.1±10.4）阳性组的平均舒张压均高于 SCARED-P（73.6±9.3）和 SCARED-C（73±8.9）阴性组。
我们的研究表明，青少年的焦虑与舒张压升高之间存在关联。对青少年进行焦虑筛查应该成为青少年常规评估的一部分。
