Jones Leah, Romeiser Jamie L
Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 766 Irving Ave, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA.
J Public Health (Oxf). 2025 Aug 29;47(3):e288-e297. doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdaf039.
There is a significant prevalence of hypertension among younger and middle-aged adults. Anxiety is a potential psychosocial risk factor, but there is mixed evidence regarding this association in younger adults.
This study analyzed data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, focusing on Waves 4 and 5, to explore the relationship between anxiety and incident hypertension in 9283 participants. Incident hypertension was classified first with objective blood pressure measures and antihypertensive medication use and, secondly, including self-reported diagnosis. Anxiety was identified in Waves 4 and 5, including age at diagnosis. Analyses used multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models with anxiety treated as a time-dependent predictor.
The average age was ~29 at Wave 4 and ~37 at Wave 5. Results showed mixed evidence, with no significant association between prior anxiety and objectively measured hypertension. However, including self-reported hypertension, a prior diagnosis of anxiety was associated with incident hypertension (aOR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.63-0.92). Time-to-event analyses further supported this inverse relationship.
This study found some evidence suggesting an inverse relationship between anxiety and incident hypertension in young to middle-aged adults, warranting further longitudinal research into the complex relationship between mental and cardiovascular health.
在年轻及中年成年人中，高血压的患病率颇高。焦虑是一个潜在的社会心理风险因素，但关于年轻人中这种关联的证据并不一致。
本研究分析了青少年到成人健康全国纵向研究的数据，重点关注第4波和第5波，以探究9283名参与者中焦虑与新发高血压之间的关系。新发高血压首先根据客观血压测量和抗高血压药物使用情况进行分类，其次包括自我报告的诊断。在第4波和第5波中确定焦虑情况，包括诊断时的年龄。分析采用多变量逻辑回归和Cox比例风险模型，将焦虑作为时间依赖性预测因素。
第4波时的平均年龄约为29岁，第5波时约为37岁。结果显示证据不一，既往焦虑与客观测量的高血压之间无显著关联。然而，将自我报告的高血压纳入后，既往焦虑诊断与新发高血压相关（调整后比值比=0.76，95%置信区间：0.63-0.92）。事件发生时间分析进一步支持了这种反向关系。
本研究发现一些证据表明，年轻至中年成年人中焦虑与新发高血压之间存在反向关系，这需要对心理与心血管健康之间的复杂关系进行进一步的纵向研究。
