Pitman D L, Ottenweller J E, Natelson B H
Physiol Behav. 1986;38(5):677-85. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(86)90264-7.
The present studies were conducted to demonstrate classical aversive conditioning of a corticosterone stress response in male rats. In the first experiment animals exposed to an odor which had previously preceded tube restraint stress had significantly higher plasma corticosterone levels than animals which were probed with a novel odor, or animals in which stress was followed, rather than preceded, by the odor. Careful consideration of corticosterone responses obtained on different days during training made it impossible to conclude unequivocally that learning had occurred. A second experiment was designed specifically to deal with the problems raised by the first, but we were again unable to show rigorously that learning had taken place. However, with data and paradigms comparable to our own, other researchers have prematurely concluded that aversive visceral conditioning can occur. It is suggested that the methodological considerations raised in the present studies could also be important for interpreting other experiments. Given the classical importance ascribed to learning components in many psychosomatic pathologies, future experiments are necessary to determine if stress responses can be classically conditioned, but they must be more rigorously designed than in the past.
进行本研究是为了证明雄性大鼠皮质酮应激反应的经典厌恶条件作用。在第一个实验中，暴露于先前先于束缚应激的气味的动物，其血浆皮质酮水平显著高于用新气味探测的动物，或气味在应激之后而非之前出现的动物。仔细考虑训练期间不同日子获得的皮质酮反应，无法明确得出学习已经发生的结论。第二个实验专门设计用于处理第一个实验提出的问题，但我们再次无法严格证明学习已经发生。然而，其他研究人员使用与我们自己相当的数据和范式，过早地得出了厌恶内脏条件作用可以发生的结论。建议本研究中提出的方法学考虑因素对于解释其他实验也可能很重要。鉴于在许多身心疾病中学习成分具有的经典重要性，未来有必要进行实验以确定应激反应是否可以通过经典条件作用形成，但这些实验必须比过去设计得更加严格。
