Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey.
Mol Biol Rep. 2024 Jan 18;51(1):150. doi: 10.1007/s11033-023-09108-7.
Azo dyes are widely used in the food industry to prevent color loss during processing and storage of products. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a diazo dye Brilliant Black PN (E151) on oxidative stress-related parameters in fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) at biochemical and molecular levels.
Third instar larvae were transferred to a medium containing the dye at different doses (1, 2.5, and 5 mg/mL). Gene expression and activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzymes were determined in the heads of adult flies obtained from these larvae. In addition, the glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde levels were measured using spectrophotometric analysis. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number was also detected by real-time PCR. The results showed that treatment with 5 mg/mL of the dye caused a decrease in both gene expression and enzyme activity of CAT and GPx. Moreover, the same dose of dye treatment decreased AChE activity, GSH level, and mtDNA copy number.
As a result, Brilliant Black PN dye can trigger toxicity by altering the level and activity of oxidative stress-related biomarkers in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore, more comprehensive studies are needed to elucidate the side effect mechanism and toxicity of this dye.
偶氮染料广泛应用于食品工业，以防止产品加工和储存过程中的颜色损失。本研究旨在从生化和分子水平上研究重氮染料亮黑 PN（E151）对果蝇（黑腹果蝇）氧化应激相关参数的影响。
将第三龄幼虫转移到含有不同剂量（1、2.5 和 5mg/mL）染料的培养基中。从这些幼虫中获得的成年果蝇头部测定超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPX）和乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）酶的基因表达和活性。此外，使用分光光度分析法测定谷胱甘肽（GSH）和丙二醛水平。通过实时 PCR 检测线粒体 DNA（mtDNA）拷贝数。结果表明，5mg/mL 染料处理导致 CAT 和 GPx 的基因表达和酶活性均降低。此外，相同剂量的染料处理降低了 AChE 活性、GSH 水平和 mtDNA 拷贝数。
因此，亮黑 PN 染料可以通过改变氧化应激相关生物标志物的水平和活性，以剂量依赖的方式引发毒性。因此，需要更全面的研究来阐明这种染料的副作用机制和毒性。
