Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
"José Mataix Verdú" Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INYTA), Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2024 Mar;32(3):560-570. doi: 10.1002/oby.23970. Epub 2024 Jan 22.
The study objective was to investigate the effect of cold exposure on the plasma levels of five potential human brown adipokines (chemokine ligand 14 [CXCL14], growth differentiation factor 15 [GDF15], fibroblast growth factor 21 [FGF21], interleukin 6 [IL6], and bone morphogenic protein 8b [BMP8b]) and to study whether such cold-induced effects are related to brown adipose tissue (BAT) volume, activity, or radiodensity in young humans.
Plasma levels of brown adipokines were measured before and 1 h and 2 h after starting an individualized cold exposure in 30 young adults (60% women, 21.9 ± 2.3 y; 24.9 ± 5.1 kg/m ). BAT volume, F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake, and radiodensity were assessed by a static positron emission tomography-computerized tomography scan after cold exposure.
Cold exposure increased the concentration of CXCL14 (Δ2h = 0.58 ± 0.98 ng/mL; p = 0.007), GDF15 (Δ2h = 19.63 ± 46.2 pg/mL; p = 0.013), FGF21 (Δ2h = 33.72 ± 55.13 pg/mL; p = 0.003), and IL6 (Δ1h = 1.98 ± 3.56 pg/mL; p = 0.048) and reduced BMP8b (Δ2h = -37.12 ± 83.53 pg/mL; p = 0.022). The cold-induced increase in plasma FGF21 was positively associated with BAT volume (Δ2h: β = 0.456; R = 0.307; p = 0.001), but not with F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake or radiodensity. None of the changes in the other studied brown adipokines was related to BAT volume, activity, or radiodensity.
Cold exposure modulates plasma levels of several potential brown adipokines in humans, whereas only cold-induced changes in FGF21 levels are associated with BAT volume. These findings suggest that human BAT might contribute to the circulatory pool of FGF21.
本研究旨在探讨冷暴露对五种潜在人类棕色脂肪细胞因子（趋化因子配体 14 [CXCL14]、生长分化因子 15 [GDF15]、成纤维细胞生长因子 21 [FGF21]、白细胞介素 6 [IL6]和骨形态发生蛋白 8b [BMP8b]）血浆水平的影响，并研究这种冷诱导作用是否与年轻人的棕色脂肪组织（BAT）体积、活性或放射性密度有关。
30 名年轻成年人（60%为女性，21.9±2.3 岁；24.9±5.1kg/m ）参与了本研究，在进行个体化冷暴露前及冷暴露 1 小时和 2 小时后，测量了棕色脂肪细胞因子的血浆水平。冷暴露后，通过静态正电子发射断层扫描-计算机断层扫描评估 BAT 体积、 F-氟脱氧葡萄糖摄取和放射性密度。
冷暴露增加了 CXCL14 的浓度（Δ2h=0.58±0.98ng/mL；p=0.007）、GDF15（Δ2h=19.63±46.2pg/mL；p=0.013）、FGF21（Δ2h=33.72±55.13pg/mL；p=0.003）和 IL6（Δ1h=1.98±3.56pg/mL；p=0.048），降低了 BMP8b 的浓度（Δ2h=-37.12±83.53pg/mL；p=0.022）。冷诱导的血浆 FGF21 增加与 BAT 体积呈正相关（Δ2h：β=0.456；R 2=0.307；p=0.001），但与 F-氟脱氧葡萄糖摄取或放射性密度无关。其他研究的棕色脂肪细胞因子的变化均与 BAT 体积、活性或放射性密度无关。
冷暴露调节了人类几种潜在的棕色脂肪细胞因子的血浆水平，而只有冷诱导的 FGF21 水平变化与 BAT 体积有关。这些发现表明，人类 BAT 可能有助于 FGF21 的循环池。
