Saleh Samar R, Saleh Omnia M, El-Bessoumy Ashraf A, Sheta Eman, Ghareeb Doaa A, Eweda Saber M
Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21515, Egypt.
Bio-Screening and Preclinical Trial Lab, Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21515, Egypt.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2024 Jan 1;13(1):66. doi: 10.3390/antiox13010066.
The prolonged use of exogenous glucocorticoids, such as dexamethasone (Dex), is the most prevalent secondary cause of osteoporosis, known as glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO). The current study examined the preventative and synergistic effect of aqueous chicory extract (ACE) and ethanolic purslane extract (EPE) on GIO compared with Alendronate (ALN). The phytochemical contents, elemental analysis, antioxidant scavenging activity, and ACE and EPE combination index were evaluated. Rats were randomly divided into control, ACE, EPE, and ACE/EPE MIX groups (100 mg/kg orally), Dex group (received 1.5 mg Dex/kg, Sc), and four treated groups received ACE, EPE, ACE/EPE MIX, and ALN with Dex. The bone mineral density and content, bone index, growth, turnover, and oxidative stress were measured. The molecular analysis of RANK/RANKL/OPG and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways were also evaluated. Dex causes osteoporosis by increasing oxidative stress, decreasing antioxidant markers, reducing bone growth markers (OPG and OCN), and increasing bone turnover and resorption markers (NFATc1, RANKL, ACP, ALP, IL-6, and TNF-α). In contrast, ACE, EPE, and ACE/EPE MIX showed a prophylactic effect against Dex-induced osteoporosis by modulating the measured parameters and the histopathological architecture. In conclusion, ACE/EPE MIX exerts a powerful synergistic effect against GIO by a mode of action different from ALN.
长期使用外源性糖皮质激素，如地塞米松（Dex），是骨质疏松症最常见的继发性病因，即糖皮质激素诱导的骨质疏松症（GIO）。本研究检测了菊苣水提取物（ACE）和马齿苋乙醇提取物（EPE）与阿仑膦酸盐（ALN）相比对GIO的预防和协同作用。评估了其植物化学成分、元素分析、抗氧化清除活性以及ACE和EPE的联合指数。将大鼠随机分为对照组、ACE组、EPE组和ACE/EPE混合组（口服100mg/kg）、Dex组（皮下注射1.5mg Dex/kg），四个治疗组接受ACE、EPE、ACE/EPE混合剂和与Dex联用的ALN。测量骨矿物质密度和含量、骨指数、生长、周转率和氧化应激。还评估了RANK/RANKL/OPG和Nrf2/HO-1信号通路的分子分析。Dex通过增加氧化应激、降低抗氧化标志物、减少骨生长标志物（OPG和OCN）以及增加骨转换和吸收标志物（NFATc1、RANKL、ACP、ALP、IL-6和TNF-α）导致骨质疏松症。相比之下，ACE、EPE和ACE/EPE混合剂通过调节所测量的参数和组织病理学结构，对Dex诱导的骨质疏松症显示出预防作用。总之，ACE/EPE混合剂通过与ALN不同的作用方式对GIO发挥强大的协同作用。
