Alhotan Abdulaziz, Raszewski Zbigniew, Chojnacka Katarzyna, Mikulewicz Marcin, Kulbacka Julita, Alaqeely Razan, Mirdad Amani, Haider Julfikar
Department of Dental Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia.
SpofaDental, Markova 238, 506-01 Jicin, Czech Republic.
J Funct Biomater. 2023 Dec 31;15(1):16. doi: 10.3390/jfb15010016.
The colonisation of the surface of removable acrylic dentures by various types of microorganisms can lead to the development of various diseases. Therefore, the creation of a bioactive material is highly desirable. This study aimed to develop a denture base material designed to release bioactive ions into the oral environment during use. Four types of bioactive glasses (BAG)-S53P4, Biomin F, 45S5, and Biomin C-were incorporated into the PMMA acrylic resin, with each type constituting 20 wt.% (10 wt.% non-silanised and 10% silanised) of the mixture, while PMMA acrylic resin served as the control group. The specimens were subsequently immersed in distilled water, and pH measurements of the aqueous solutions were taken every seven days for a total of 38 days. Additionally, surface roughness and translucency measurements were recorded both after preparation and following seven days of immersion in distilled water. The cytotoxicity of these materials on human fibroblast cells was evaluated after 24 and 48 h using Direct Contact and MTT assays. Ultimately, the elemental composition of the specimens was determined through energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy. In general, the pH levels of water solutions containing BAG-containing acrylics gradually increased over the storage period, reaching peak values after 10 days. Notably, S53P4 glass exhibited the most significant increase, with pH levels rising from 5.5 to 7.54. Surface roughness exhibited minimal changes upon immersion in distilled water, while a slight decrease in material translucency was observed, except for Biomin C. However, significant differences in surface roughness and translucency were observed among some of the BAG-embedded specimens under both dry and wet conditions. The composition of elements declared by the glass manufacturer was confirmed by EDX analysis. Importantly, cytotoxicity analysis revealed that specimens containing BAGs, when released into the environment, did not adversely affect the growth of human gingival fibroblast cells after 48 h of exposure. This suggests that PMMA acrylics fabricated with BAGs have the potential to release ions into the environment and can be considered biocompatible materials. Further clinical trials are warranted to explore the practical applications of these materials as denture base materials.
各类微生物在可摘丙烯酸义齿表面的定植会引发多种疾病。因此，非常需要研发一种生物活性材料。本研究旨在开发一种义齿基托材料，使其在使用过程中能向口腔环境释放生物活性离子。将四种生物活性玻璃（BAG）——S53P4、Biomin F、45S5和Biomin C——掺入聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）丙烯酸树脂中，每种类型在混合物中占20重量%（10重量%未硅烷化和10%硅烷化），而PMMA丙烯酸树脂作为对照组。随后将标本浸入蒸馏水中，每隔七天测量水溶液的pH值，共测量38天。此外，在制备后以及在蒸馏水中浸泡七天后，记录表面粗糙度和透明度测量值。使用直接接触法和MTT法在24小时和48小时后评估这些材料对人成纤维细胞的细胞毒性。最终，通过能量色散X射线（EDX）光谱法测定标本的元素组成。总体而言，含BAG的丙烯酸树脂水溶液的pH值在储存期间逐渐升高，在10天后达到峰值。值得注意的是，S53P4玻璃的pH值升高最为显著，从5.5升至7.54。浸入蒸馏水中后，表面粗糙度变化极小，除了Biomin C外，材料透明度略有下降。然而，在干燥和潮湿条件下，一些嵌入BAG的标本在表面粗糙度和透明度方面存在显著差异。玻璃制造商宣称的元素组成通过EDX分析得到证实。重要的是，细胞毒性分析表明，含BAG的标本在释放到环境中后，暴露48小时后对人牙龈成纤维细胞的生长没有不利影响。这表明用BAG制成的PMMA丙烯酸树脂有向环境释放离子的潜力，可被视为生物相容性材料。有必要进行进一步的临床试验，以探索这些材料作为义齿基托材料的实际应用。
