Lin Xingming, Cui Xiangxin, Tang Jihong, Zhu Jiawei, Li Jinhua
Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China.
Insects. 2023 Dec 27;15(1):13. doi: 10.3390/insects15010013.
Predation risk posed by natural enemies can alter pest performance. In our previous study, we found provides risk cues to melon aphids, resulting in increased numbers of winged aphids. However, the effects of predation risk on multiple traits including behavior, physiology, growth rate, and reproductive capacity of pests are not clear. This study examined the effects of predation risk on host preference, the activities of two important defense enzymes (CAT and SOD), longevity, and offspring production. The Y-tube trial results showed that the risk of significantly altered the host preference of the aphids, leading to avoidance behavior. When exposed to for a long period (24 h), the reproductive period and offspring production were significantly decreased, and adult longevity was significantly shortened. The defense enzyme activities of SOD and CAT, as well as the MDA content (which is considered a marker of oxidative stress and cellular damage) in the aphids, significantly increased under risk. The compounds of extracted with n-hexane and volatile compounds collected with HS-SPME were analyzed by GC-MS, and when combined with the behavior response experiment, the results showed that the alkane compounds -henicosane, -docosane, -tricosane, -pentacosane, and -hentriacontane may contribute to the impact of predation risk. The results will be helpful in the comprehensive evaluation of the ability of lady beetles to affect the aphid population, and provide new ideas for using these compounds in aphid control.
天敌带来的捕食风险会改变害虫的表现。在我们之前的研究中，我们发现[天敌名称]会给瓜蚜提供风险线索，导致有翅蚜数量增加。然而，捕食风险对害虫的多种性状（包括行为、生理、生长速率和繁殖能力）的影响尚不清楚。本研究考察了捕食风险对寄主偏好、两种重要防御酶（CAT和SOD）的活性、寿命和后代产生的影响。Y形管试验结果表明，[天敌名称]的风险显著改变了蚜虫的寄主偏好，导致其出现回避行为。长时间（24小时）暴露于[天敌名称]时，繁殖期和后代产生显著减少，成虫寿命显著缩短。在[天敌名称]风险下，蚜虫体内SOD和CAT的防御酶活性以及丙二醛含量（被认为是氧化应激和细胞损伤的标志物）显著增加。对用正己烷提取的[天敌名称]化合物和用HS-SPME收集的挥发性化合物进行了GC-MS分析，结合行为反应实验，结果表明烷烃化合物——二十一烷、二十二烷、二十三烷、二十五烷和三十一烷可能对捕食风险的影响有作用。这些结果将有助于全面评估瓢虫影响蚜虫种群的能力，并为在蚜虫防治中使用这些化合物提供新思路。
