Dhiman Vikas, Menon Geetha R, Tiwari Rajnarayan R
Department of Environmental Health and Epidemiology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health (NIREH), Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
ICMR-National Institute of Medical Statistics (NIMS), Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, Delhi, India.
Indian J Psychiatry. 2023 Nov;65(11):1096-1103. doi: 10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_539_22. Epub 2023 Nov 24.
After the National Mental Health Survey in 2016, multiple individual studies showed inconsistencies in the prevalence rates of psychiatric disorders in India. We performed a meta-analysis to estimate an up-to-date pooled estimate of the prevalence of depression, alcohol use disorder (AUD), anxiety disorder (AD), intellectual disability, suicidal attempt/death, autism, and bipolar disorder (BD) in India.
We performed a systematic bibliographic search in Pub Med, Global Health Data Exchange (GHDx), and Google Scholar, along with a manual search for peer-reviewed epidemiological studies reporting the prevalence of depression, AUD, AD, MR, suicidal attempt/death, autism, and BD in India from January 1980 till March 2022. Adopting a random-effects model, we performed the meta-analysis using "MetaXL" software.
A total of 79 studies were included: depression ( = 28), AUD ( = 14), AD ( = 12), intellectual disability ( = 8), suicidal attempt/death ( = 7), autism ( = 6) and BD ( = 4). The pooled prevalence of depression and AUD was 12.4% (95% CI 9.4-15.9) ( < 0.001, I = 100%) and 21.5% (95% CI 14.1-30.0) ( < 0.001, I = 100%), respectively. AD, intellectual disability and suicidal attempt/death showed a prevalence of 11.6% (95% CI 8.1-15.7) ( < 0.001, I = 99%), 1% (95% CI 0.5-1.6) ( < 0.001, I = 98%) and 0.5% (95% CI 0.3-0.8) ( < 0.001, I = 100%), respectively. The meta-analysis in autism and BD showed pooled prevalence of 0.3% (95% CI 0.1-0.6) ( < 0.001, I = 96%) and 0.3% (95% CI 0.2-0.4) ( < 0.001, I = 78%), respectively. Subgroup analysis showed an increased prevalence of AD in the urban [24.3% (95% CI 3.7-52.9)] and younger [16.7% (95% CI 5.1-32.7)] population. The prevalence of depression and AD increased during the last two decades on decadal prevalence analysis.
The findings could be used for appropriate policy measures and guiding subsequent national mental health surveys.
2016年全国精神健康调查之后，多项单独研究显示印度精神疾病患病率存在不一致情况。我们进行了一项荟萃分析，以估算印度抑郁症、酒精使用障碍（AUD）、焦虑症（AD）、智力残疾、自杀未遂/死亡、自闭症和双相情感障碍（BD）患病率的最新汇总估计值。
我们在PubMed、全球卫生数据交换中心（GHDx）和谷歌学术上进行了系统的文献检索，并手动搜索了1980年1月至2022年3月期间报告印度抑郁症、AUD、AD、智力残疾、自杀未遂/死亡、自闭症和BD患病率的同行评审流行病学研究。采用随机效应模型，我们使用“MetaXL”软件进行荟萃分析。
共纳入79项研究：抑郁症（n = 28）、AUD（n = 14）、AD（n = 12）、智力残疾（n = 8）、自杀未遂/死亡（n = 7）、自闭症（n = 6）和BD（n = 4）。抑郁症和AUD的汇总患病率分别为12.4%（95%CI 9.4 - 15.9）（P < 0.001，I² = 100%）和21.5%（95%CI 14.1 - 30.0）（P < 0.001，I² = 100%）。AD、智力残疾和自杀未遂/死亡的患病率分别为11.6%（95%CI 8.1 - 15.7）（P < 0.001，I² = 99%）、1%（95%CI 0.5 - 1.6）（P < 0.001，I² = 98%）和0.5%（95%CI 0.3 - 0.8）（P < 0.001，I² = 100%）。自闭症和BD的荟萃分析显示汇总患病率分别为0.3%（95%CI 0.1 - 0.6）（P < 0.001，I² = 96%）和0.3%（95%CI 0.2 - 0.4）（P < 0.001，I² = 78%）。亚组分析显示城市人群[24.3%（95%CI 3.7 - 52.9）]和年轻人群[16.7%（95%CI 5.1 - 32.7）]中AD患病率增加。在十年患病率分析中，抑郁症和AD的患病率在过去二十年中有所增加。
这些研究结果可用于制定适当的政策措施并指导后续的全国精神健康调查。
