Venkat Malliga, Janakiram Chandrashekar
Resident, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Amrita School of Dentistry, Ernakulum, Kerala, India.
Professor, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Amrita School of Dentistry, Ernakulum, Kerala, India.
Indian J Community Med. 2023 Nov-Dec;48(6):902-908. doi: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_148_22. Epub 2023 Dec 1.
Periodontal disease is one of the top six chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and is recognized as a severe global public health problem. This study aimed to assess the association between various levels of body mass index (BMI) and periodontal disease severity in Indian adults.
The study was designed as a hospital-based cross-sectional study involving 212 participants aged between 18 and 65. A questionnaire assessed by an investigator was used to assess oral health-associated risky behavior and demographical factors. Participants were also assessed using full-mouth clinical periodontal and anthropometric measurements. The mean number of sites with pocket probing depth (PPD) ≥4 mm and the presence of periodontal disease were used as outcome measures. Bivariate analysis and multiple logistic regressions were performed.
The overall proportion of participants with periodontal disease was 50%, that is, sites with PPD ≥4 mm (n = 106). Multivariate analysis showed that BMI (odds ratio (OR) = 0.77, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.43, 1.37) was not associated with periodontal disease, but smoking (OR = 3.90, 95% CI: 1.63, 5.89), alcohol consumption (OR = 1.24, 95% CI: 0.72, 2.13), age (OR = 2.51, 95% CI: 1.08, 5.84), and diabetic mellitus (OR = 1.69, 95% CI: 0.92, 3) were positively associated with periodontal disease.
A positive association was found between smoking, alcohol consumption, age, gender, history of diabetic mellitus, and periodontal disease. No significant association exists between obesity and periodontal disease in South Indian adults.
牙周病是六大慢性非传染性疾病之一，被视为严重的全球公共卫生问题。本研究旨在评估印度成年人不同水平的体重指数（BMI）与牙周病严重程度之间的关联。
本研究设计为一项基于医院的横断面研究，纳入212名年龄在18至65岁之间的参与者。由调查员评估的问卷用于评估口腔健康相关的危险行为和人口统计学因素。还对参与者进行了全口临床牙周和人体测量。袋探诊深度（PPD）≥4mm的部位平均数和牙周病的存在作为结局指标。进行了双变量分析和多元逻辑回归。
患有牙周病的参与者总体比例为50%，即PPD≥4mm的部位（n = 106）。多变量分析显示，BMI（比值比（OR）= 0.77，95%置信区间（CI）：0.43，1.37）与牙周病无关，但吸烟（OR = 3.90，95% CI：1.63，5.89）、饮酒（OR = 1.24，95% CI：0.72，2.13）、年龄（OR = 2.51，95% CI：1.08，5.84）和糖尿病（OR = 1.69，95% CI：0.92，3）与牙周病呈正相关。
吸烟、饮酒、年龄、性别、糖尿病史与牙周病之间存在正相关。在南印度成年人中，肥胖与牙周病之间不存在显著关联。
