Laboratory of Animal Pathology (LAP), Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil.
Laboratory of Avian Medicine (LAM), Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil.
Toxins (Basel). 2024 Jan 14;16(1):46. doi: 10.3390/toxins16010046.
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a predisposing factor for necrotic enteritis. This study aimed to investigate the effects of a DON and (CP) challenge on the intestinal morphology, morphometry, oxidative stress, and immune response of broilers. Additionally, we evaluated the potential of a spp. mixture as an approach to mitigate the damage induced by the challenge. One-day-old broiler chickens ( = 252) were divided into seven treatment groups: Control, DON, CP, CP + DON, VL (DON + CP + viable spp. mixture), HIL (DON + CP + heat-inactivated spp. mixture), and LCS (DON + CP + spp. mixture culture supernatant). Macroscopic evaluation of the intestines revealed that the CP + DON group exhibited the highest lesion score, while the VL and HIL groups showed the lowest scores. Microscopically, all spp. treatments mitigated the morphological changes induced by the challenge. DON increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the jejunum, and CP increased ROS levels in the jejunum and ileum. Notably, the spp. treatments did not improve the antioxidant defense against CP-induced oxidative stress. In summary, a spp. mixture, whether used as a probiotic, paraprobiotic, or postbiotic, exerted a partially protective effect in mitigating most of the intestinal damage induced by DON and CP challenges.
脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)是坏死性肠炎的诱发因素。本研究旨在探讨 DON 和(CP)挑战对肉鸡肠道形态、形态计量学、氧化应激和免疫反应的影响。此外,我们评估了 spp. 混合物作为减轻挑战诱导损伤的一种方法的潜力。将 1 日龄肉鸡(=252)分为 7 个处理组:对照组、DON 组、CP 组、CP+DON 组、VL(DON+CP+活菌 spp. 混合物)、HIL(DON+CP+热处理灭活 spp. 混合物)和 LCS(DON+CP+spp. 混合物培养上清液)。肠道的宏观评估表明,CP+DON 组的病变评分最高,而 VL 和 HIL 组的评分最低。显微镜下,所有 spp. 处理均减轻了挑战引起的形态变化。DON 增加了空肠中的活性氧(ROS)水平,CP 增加了空肠和回肠中的 ROS 水平。值得注意的是, spp. 处理并没有改善对 CP 诱导的氧化应激的抗氧化防御。总之,spp. 混合物,无论是用作益生菌、拟益生菌还是后生元,都对减轻 DON 和 CP 挑战引起的大部分肠道损伤具有部分保护作用。