College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China, 712100.
College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China, 712100.
Poult Sci. 2021 Mar;100(3):100807. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.10.061. Epub 2020 Nov 2.
With global warming and ban on antibiotics, it occurs occasionally that deoxynivalenol (DON) together with Clostridium perfringens impairs the gut health of broiler chickens. However, the interactive effect of DON and C. perfringens on intestinal health is still unknown. A total of 120 one-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomly distributed to 4 groups. Birds were gavaged with C. perfringens (8 × 10 CFU/d per bird) or sterile medium and fed a DON diet (0 or 5 mg of DON per kg diet) to investigate the interactive effects. The main effect analysis showed that DON diet significantly downregulated (P < 0.05) the mRNA expression of mucin-2, B-cell lymphoma-2-associated X, and cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinase-3 of jejunal mucosa; decreased (P < 0.05) the indexes of ACE, Chao1, Shannon, and Simpson; and also decreased the relative abundance of the phylum Bacteroidete and the genera Lactococcus in jejunal contents of broilers chickens. Meanwhile, C. perfringens significantly increased (P < 0.05) crypt depth; decreased (P < 0.05) the ratio of villi height to crypt depth, the activity of jejunal diamine oxidase, and the relative abundance of Lactococcus; and upregulated (P < 0.05) the relative expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 and cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinase-8. Furthermore, the interactions between DON and C. perfringens were most significant (P < 0.05) in the mRNA expression of lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF factor (LITAF) and TLR-4, the abundance of the genera Lactococcus in jejunal contents, and butyric acid concentrations in cecal contents of birds. Finally, Spearman correlation analysis suggested that the most negative correlations (P < 0.05) with the abundance of the genera except Lactobacillus were observed within the mRNA expression of LITAF. The abundance of Lactococcus had a positive correlation (P < 0.05) with the expression of Caspase-3. Most genera except Lactobacillus negatively correlated (P < 0.05) with acetic acid, butyric acid, and total short-chain fatty acids. In conclusion, dietary deoxynivalenol and C. perfringens challenge had a harmful effect on the jejunal health and should be carefully monitored in broiler production.
随着全球变暖以及抗生素禁令的颁布，脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）和产气荚膜梭菌共同作用，损害肉鸡肠道健康的情况时有发生。然而，DON 和产气荚膜梭菌对肠道健康的互作影响仍不清楚。本研究选用 120 只 1 日龄的爱拔益加肉鸡，随机分为 4 组，每组 30 只。鸡只灌喂产气荚膜梭菌（8×10 CFU/d 每只鸡）或无菌培养基，并分别饲喂 DON 饲料（0 或 5 mg/kg 饲料 DON），以研究互作效应。结果显示，DON 日粮显著下调（P<0.05）空肠黏膜中黏蛋白-2、B 细胞淋巴瘤-2 相关 X 蛋白和半胱氨酸天冬氨酸特异性蛋白酶-3 的 mRNA 表达，降低（P<0.05） ACE、Chao1、Shannon 和 Simpson 指数，并降低空肠内容物中厚壁菌门和乳球菌属的相对丰度。与此同时，产气荚膜梭菌显著增加（P<0.05）隐窝深度，降低（P<0.05）绒毛高度/隐窝深度比、空肠二胺氧化酶活性和乳球菌相对丰度，上调（P<0.05）B 细胞淋巴瘤-2 和半胱氨酸天冬氨酸特异性蛋白酶-8 的相对表达。此外，DON 和产气荚膜梭菌互作最显著（P<0.05）的是脂多糖诱导的肿瘤坏死因子因子（LITAF）和 TLR-4 的 mRNA 表达、空肠内容物中乳球菌属的丰度和盲肠内容物中丁酸浓度。最后，Spearman 相关性分析表明，除乳杆菌属以外的大多数属与 LITAF 的 mRNA 表达呈最显著负相关（P<0.05）。乳球菌属的丰度与 Caspase-3 的表达呈正相关（P<0.05）。除乳杆菌属以外的大多数属与乙酸、丁酸和总短链脂肪酸呈负相关（P<0.05）。综上所述，日粮 DON 和产气荚膜梭菌共同作用对肉鸡空肠健康有害，在肉鸡生产中应谨慎监测。
