Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
Department of Health Promotion and Aging, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Subst Use Misuse. 2024;59(6):858-866. doi: 10.1080/10826084.2024.2305799. Epub 2024 Jan 22.
Drug addiction can lead to suicidal ideation or suicide attempt so that half of those who attempt suicide have a history of substance abuse. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of educational intervention based on Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) on reducing suicidal ideation and suicide attempt of addicts.
A longitudinal quasi-experimental educational intervention was conducted on 200 methadone-treated addicts with suicidal ideation under the auspices of government addiction centers of Shiraz city from 2021 to 2022. Baseline data on demographic characteristics, suicidal ideation, and TPB questionnaire were collected from two groups at the beginning of the study and then three months after the intervention. The experiment group received educational intervention including sessions of individual and group counseling, training and organizational supports. The questionnaire was completed by both the experimental and control groups before the educational intervention and three months after the educational intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22 software through independent -test, Chi-square and paired -test ( = 0.05).
The mean age of addicts in the experimental and control groups was 38.80 ± 11.64 and 39.41 ± 11.18 years, respectively ( = 0.206). 22% of the experimental group and 18% of the control group had a history of suicide. According to the results, there was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of knowledge, attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control before the educational intervention, however, the mentioned variables increased significantly in the experimental group three months after the educational intervention. There was no significant difference in suicide attempt and suicidal ideation between the experimental and control groups before the educational intervention, however, there was a significant change in the experimental group after the educational intervention.
The results of the present study showed the effect of educational intervention on the knowledge, attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, suicidal ideation and suicidal attempt of addicts, thus confirming the effectiveness of the TPB-based intervention on reducing suicide of addicts.
药物成瘾可能导致自杀意念或自杀企图，因此有一半自杀未遂者有滥用药物史。本研究旨在探讨基于计划行为理论（TPB）的教育干预对减少成瘾者自杀意念和自杀企图的效果。
在 2021 年至 2022 年期间，在 Shiraz 市政府成瘾中心的支持下，对 200 名有自杀意念的美沙酮治疗成瘾者进行了一项纵向准实验性教育干预。在研究开始时和干预 3 个月后，从两组中收集人口统计学特征、自杀意念和 TPB 问卷的基线数据。实验组接受包括个体和小组咨询、培训和组织支持在内的教育干预。实验组和对照组在教育干预前和教育干预后 3 个月完成问卷。使用 SPSS 22 软件通过独立检验、卡方检验和配对检验（ = 0.05）进行数据分析。
实验组和对照组成瘾者的平均年龄分别为 38.80 ± 11.64 岁和 39.41 ± 11.18 岁（ = 0.206）。实验组有 22%的人有自杀史，对照组有 18%的人有自杀史。结果显示，在教育干预前，实验组和对照组在知识、态度、主观规范和感知行为控制方面没有显著差异，但实验组在教育干预 3 个月后这些变量显著增加。在教育干预前，实验组和对照组在自杀企图和自杀意念方面没有显著差异，但实验组在教育干预后发生了显著变化。
本研究结果表明，教育干预对成瘾者的知识、态度、主观规范、感知行为控制、自杀意念和自杀企图有影响，从而证实了基于 TPB 的干预对减少成瘾者自杀的有效性。
