Kermanshahi Zahra, Alilu Leyla, Radfar Moulad, Bushehri Behzad, Khalkhali Hamidreza
Department of Psychiatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery Urmia University of Medical Sciences Urmia Iran.
School of Nursing and Midwifery Urmia University of Medical Sciences Urmia Iran.
Health Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 19;8(8):e71187. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.71187. eCollection 2025 Aug.
Suicide and suicide attempts are critical indicators of psychological well-being within societies, influenced by various factors. Cognitive-behavioral therapy represents a prominent intervention for individuals experiencing suicidal ideation and despair, offering potential alleviation of depressive symptoms. Consequently, this study aimed to assess the effects of cognitive-behavioral therapy on suicidal ideation and despair among individuals with a history of suicide attempts.
This single-blind experimental study was conducted in 2022 in Iran. In this study, a total of 60 individuals with a history of recent suicide attempts who were discharged from teaching hospitals affiliated with Urmia University of Medical Sciences were selected using convenience sampling and assigned to two intervention (30 people) and control (30 people) groups. Data were collected at three time points before, 1 month after, and 3 months after the intervention using a demographic questionnaire, Beck Suicidality Scale (BSSI), and Beck Hopelessness Questionnaire (BHS). The intervention group received eight sessions of cognitive behavioral therapy, while the control group did not receive any intervention.
Analysis of variance revealed a significant distinction in mean scores of suicidal ideation and despair between the intervention and control groups ( < 0.001). Pairwise comparisons based on the Bonferroni test also showed that there was a significant difference between the mean baseline score of suicidal ideation and hopelessness and the mean scores after the intervention, 1 month, and 3 months after the intervention ( < 0.001). However, this difference was not significant in the control group ( = 1.000).
The study demonstrated the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy within the intervention group, resulting in notable improvements in suicidal ideation and despair symptoms. Consequently, cognitive-behavioral therapy, through mechanisms such as acceptance, mindfulness, present-focused awareness, non-judgmental observation, and avoidance of cognitive distortions, holds promise in reducing suicidal ideation and despair among individuals with a history of suicide attempts.
自杀及自杀未遂是社会中心理健康的关键指标，受多种因素影响。认知行为疗法是针对有自杀意念和绝望情绪的个体的一种重要干预方法，可能减轻抑郁症状。因此，本研究旨在评估认知行为疗法对有自杀未遂史个体的自杀意念和绝望情绪的影响。
本单盲实验研究于2022年在伊朗进行。在本研究中，采用便利抽样法从乌尔米亚医科大学附属教学医院出院的60名近期有自杀未遂史的个体中选取研究对象，并将其分为干预组（30人）和对照组（30人）。在干预前、干预后1个月和干预后3个月这三个时间点，使用人口统计学问卷、贝克自杀倾向量表（BSSI）和贝克绝望问卷（BHS）收集数据。干预组接受八次认知行为治疗，而对照组未接受任何干预。
方差分析显示，干预组和对照组在自杀意念和绝望情绪的平均得分上存在显著差异（<0.001）。基于邦费罗尼检验的两两比较还表明，自杀意念和绝望情绪的平均基线得分与干预后、干预后1个月和干预后3个月的平均得分之间存在显著差异（<0.001）。然而，这种差异在对照组中不显著（=1.000）。
该研究证明了认知行为疗法在干预组中的有效性，导致自杀意念和绝望情绪症状有显著改善。因此，认知行为疗法通过接纳、正念、关注当下的意识、无评判观察以及避免认知扭曲等机制，有望减少有自杀未遂史个体的自杀意念和绝望情绪。
