El Mabrouk Narjesse, Iulini Martina, Maddalon Ambra, Galbiati Valentina, Harizi Hedi, Mastouri Maha, Corsini Emanuela
Laboratory of Transmissible Diseases and Biologically Active Substances, Faculty of Pharmacy, Monastir University, Avenue Avicienne, Monastir 5019, Tunisia.
Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences 'Rodolfo Paoletti', University of Milan, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Life (Basel). 2023 Dec 29;14(1):62. doi: 10.3390/life14010062.
(1) Background: The insecticide cypermethrin (Cypm) and the herbicide glyphosate (Glyp) are among the most widely used pesticides. While the two pesticides have been considered to have low toxicity in mammals, some indication of potential immunotoxicity has emerged. The aim of this work was to investigate in vitro the effects of Cypm and Glyp on bacteria lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced immune cell activation and of Cypm on 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT)-induced maturation of dendritic cells (DCs). (2) Methods: The release of the inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-8, the expression of the surface markers CD54 and CD86 in human primary peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and THP-1 cells were investigated together with CD83, HLA-DR, IL-6, and IL-18 in DCs. (3) Results: While no significant modulation on LPS-induced immune cell activation was observed following Glyp exposure, with only a trend toward an increase at the highest concentration tested, Cypm reduced the responses to LPS and to MBT, supporting a direct immunosuppressive effect. Overall, the present study contributes to our understanding of pesticide-induced immunotoxicity, and the results obtained support evidence showing the immunosuppressive effects of Cypm.
（1）背景：氯氰菊酯（Cypm）杀虫剂和草甘膦（Glyp）除草剂是使用最为广泛的两种农药。虽然这两种农药被认为对哺乳动物毒性较低，但已有一些潜在免疫毒性的迹象出现。本研究旨在体外研究Cypm和Glyp对细菌脂多糖（LPS）诱导的免疫细胞活化的影响，以及Cypm对2-巯基苯并噻唑（MBT）诱导的树突状细胞（DCs）成熟的影响。（2）方法：研究了炎性细胞因子TNF-α和IL-8的释放、人原代外周血单核细胞（PBMC）和THP-1细胞表面标志物CD54和CD86的表达，以及DCs中CD83、HLA-DR、IL-6和IL-18的表达。（3）结果：虽然暴露于Glyp后未观察到对LPS诱导的免疫细胞活化有显著调节作用，仅在测试的最高浓度时有增加的趋势，但Cypm降低了对LPS和MBT的反应，支持其直接免疫抑制作用。总体而言，本研究有助于我们理解农药诱导的免疫毒性，所得结果支持了显示Cypm具有免疫抑制作用的证据。
