Troglia Gamba Micaela, Polidori Brendan David, Minetto Alex, Dovis Fabio, Banfi Emilio, Dominici Fabrizio
LINKS Foundation, 10138 Turin, Italy.
Department of Electronics and Telecommunications (DET), Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy.
Sensors (Basel). 2024 Jan 13;24(2):508. doi: 10.3390/s24020508.
The disruptive effect of radio frequency interference (RFI) on global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signals is well known, and in the last four decades, many have been investigated as countermeasures. Recently, low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites have been looked at as a good opportunity for GNSS RFI monitoring, and the last five years have seen the proliferation of many commercial and academic initiatives. In this context, this paper proposes a new spaceborne system to detect, classify, and localize terrestrial GNSS RFI signals, particularly jamming and spoofing, for civil use. This paper presents the implementation of the RFI detection software module to be hosted on a nanosatellite. The whole development work is described, including the selection of both the target platform and the algorithms, the implementation, the detection performance evaluation, and the computational load analysis. Two are the implemented RFI detectors: the chi-square goodness-of-fit (GoF) algorithm for non-GNSS-like interference, e.g., chirp jamming, and the snapshot acquisition for GNSS-like interference, e.g., spoofing. Preliminary testing results in the presence of jamming and spoofing signals reveal promising detection capability in terms of sensitivity and highlight room to optimize the computational load, particularly for the snapshot-acquisition-based RFI detector.
射频干扰（RFI）对全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）信号的干扰作用是众所周知的，在过去的四十年里，人们对许多应对措施进行了研究。最近，低地球轨道（LEO）卫星被视为监测GNSS RFI的一个好机会，在过去五年里，许多商业和学术项目不断涌现。在此背景下，本文提出了一种新的星载系统，用于检测、分类和定位地面GNSS RFI信号，特别是用于民用的干扰和欺骗信号。本文介绍了将搭载在纳米卫星上的RFI检测软件模块的实现。描述了整个开发工作，包括目标平台和算法的选择、实现、检测性能评估以及计算负载分析。实现了两种RFI检测器：用于非GNSS类干扰（如线性调频干扰）的卡方拟合优度（GoF）算法，以及用于GNSS类干扰（如欺骗）的快照采集。在存在干扰和欺骗信号的情况下的初步测试结果表明，在灵敏度方面具有良好的检测能力，并突出了优化计算负载的空间，特别是对于基于快照采集的RFI检测器。
