Lu Dongqiang, Mao Zhen, Tang Yan, Feng Bo, Xu Liang
School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China.
Microorganisms. 2023 Dec 31;12(1):87. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12010087.
Soil microorganisms significantly influence the energy flow and material cycle of soil ecosystems, making them highly susceptible to environmental changes, such as those induced by mining activities. Studying the succession of soil microbial communities after mining subsidence is crucial for comprehending the significance of soil microbes in the natural recovery process following subsidence. Therefore, the soil properties, vegetation communities, and soil microbial communities of the subsidence area, as well as unexploited areas, were analyzed during the natural restoration process (1, 2, 5, 10, and 15 years). The results demonstrate that mining subsidence has a significant impact on the aboveground vegetation community, soil properties, and microbiological community. Following an extended period of natural recovery, a new stable state has emerged, which differs from that observed in non-subsidence areas. The total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and ammonium nitrogen amounts may be key factors driving the natural recovery of bacterial communities, and total potassium and available potassium may be key factors driving the natural recovery of fungal communities. The natural recovery mechanism of soil microorganisms was analyzed along with the changes related to vegetation and soil physicochemical properties. The mechanism was explained from three perspectives, namely, plant-led, soil-led, and soil-microbial-led, which could provide a theoretical basis for the natural restoration of grassland ecosystems and provide guidance for the treatment of coal mining subsidence areas.
土壤微生物显著影响土壤生态系统的能量流动和物质循环，这使得它们极易受到环境变化的影响，比如采矿活动所引发的环境变化。研究采矿沉陷后土壤微生物群落的演替对于理解土壤微生物在沉陷后自然恢复过程中的重要性至关重要。因此，在自然恢复过程（1年、2年、5年、10年和15年）中，对沉陷区以及未开采区域的土壤性质、植被群落和土壤微生物群落进行了分析。结果表明，采矿沉陷对地上植被群落、土壤性质和微生物群落有显著影响。经过长时间的自然恢复，出现了一种新的稳定状态，这与非沉陷区观察到的状态不同。总氮、硝态氮和铵态氮含量可能是驱动细菌群落自然恢复的关键因素，而全钾和速效钾可能是驱动真菌群落自然恢复的关键因素。结合植被和土壤理化性质的变化分析了土壤微生物的自然恢复机制。该机制从植物主导、土壤主导和土壤-微生物主导三个角度进行了解释，可为草地生态系统的自然恢复提供理论依据，并为煤矿开采沉陷区的治理提供指导。
