Enteric Disease Laboratory, Virology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
J Med Virol. 2024 Jan;96(1):e29429. doi: 10.1002/jmv.29429.
This study aimed to investigate the frequency and genotypic diversity of human bocavirus (HBoV) in historical fecal samples collected before 2005 in Brazil and understand its natural history in patients with diarrhea. Between 1998 and 2005, 3347 samples were tested for HBoV by RT-PCR, with a detection rate of 5.8% (195/3347). Coinfection with norovirus (NoV) and human adenovirus (HAdV) was found in 34.9% (68/195), indicating HBoV's potential role as a causative agent of diarrheal disease. The detection rate varied over the years (p < 0.05), suggesting natural oscillatory fluctuations. HBoV was more prevalent in fall and winter, with higher positivity in children ≤5 years (p < 0.05), reinforcing that HBoV is an important pathogen in childhood diarrhea. Genotyping (32.8%; 64/195) revealed the circulation of HBoV-1 (79.7%, 51/64), HBoV-3 (12.5%, 8/64), HBoV-2 (6.2%, 4/64), and the rare HBoV-4 (1.6%, 1/64). Difference in HBoV-1 and HBoV-2/-3 mono-infections prevalence (p < 0.05), suggests a potential role of HBoV-1 in the pathogenicity of diarrheal disease. The study highlights HBoV's lasting impact on viral gastroenteritis in Brazil and emphasizes its genotypic diversity. Recommending screening for HBoV in public health laboratories is crucial for understanding its role in gastrointestinal diseases. The data also contribute to understanding the molecular characterization of enteric viruses in historical fecal samples.
本研究旨在调查巴西 2005 年前采集的历史粪便样本中人类博卡病毒（HBoV）的频率和基因型多样性，并了解其在腹泻患者中的自然史。1998 年至 2005 年间，通过 RT-PCR 对 3347 份样本进行了 HBoV 检测，检出率为 5.8%（195/3347）。诺如病毒（NoV）和人类腺病毒（HAdV）的合并感染率为 34.9%（68/195），提示 HBoV 可能是腹泻病的致病因子。检出率随年份变化（p<0.05），提示存在自然波动。HBoV 更常见于秋季和冬季，5 岁以下儿童的阳性率更高（p<0.05），这进一步证实了 HBoV 是儿童腹泻的重要病原体。基因分型（32.8%；64/195）显示 HBoV-1（79.7%，51/64）、HBoV-3（12.5%，8/64）、HBoV-2（6.2%，4/64）和罕见的 HBoV-4（1.6%，1/64）的流行。HBoV-1 和 HBoV-2/-3 单感染的流行率差异（p<0.05）提示 HBoV-1 在腹泻病发病机制中的潜在作用。该研究强调了 HBoV 对巴西病毒性胃肠炎的持久影响，并强调了其基因型多样性。建议在公共卫生实验室中筛查 HBoV，对于了解其在胃肠道疾病中的作用至关重要。这些数据还有助于了解历史粪便样本中肠道病毒的分子特征。
