Department of Endocrinology, Geriatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases Control and Prevention, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
School of Nursing, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2024 Jan 8;14:1248934. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1248934. eCollection 2023.
Metabolic syndrome is a medical condition characterized by several metabolic disorders in the body. Long-term metabolic disorders raise the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Therefore, it is essential to actively explore the aetiology of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its comorbidities to provide effective treatment options. Ferroptosis is a new form of cell death that is characterized by iron overload, lipid peroxide accumulation, and decreased glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4) activity, and it involves the pathological processes of a variety of diseases. Lipid deposition caused by lipid diseases and iron overload is significant in metabolic syndrome, providing the theoretical conditions for developing ferroptosis. Recent studies have found that the major molecules of ferroptosis are linked to common metabolic syndrome consequences, such as T2DM and atherosclerosis. In this review, we first discussed the mechanics of ferroptosis, the regulatory function of inducers and inhibitors of ferroptosis, and the significance of iron loading in MetS. Next, we summarized the role of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of MetS, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and atherosclerosis. Finally, we discussed relevant ferroptosis-targeted therapies and raised some crucial issues of concern to provide directions for future Mets-related treatments and research.
代谢综合征是一种以体内多种代谢紊乱为特征的医学病症。长期的代谢紊乱会增加心血管疾病（CVD）和 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）的风险。因此，积极探索代谢综合征（MetS）及其合并症的病因，为提供有效的治疗方法至关重要。铁死亡是一种新的细胞死亡形式，其特征是铁过载、脂质过氧化物积累和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 4（GPX4）活性降低，涉及多种疾病的病理过程。脂质疾病和铁过载引起的脂质沉积在代谢综合征中很明显，为铁死亡的发展提供了理论条件。最近的研究发现，铁死亡的主要分子与常见的代谢综合征后果（如 2 型糖尿病和动脉粥样硬化）有关。在这篇综述中，我们首先讨论了铁死亡的机制、铁死亡诱导剂和抑制剂的调节功能以及 MetS 中铁超载的意义。接下来，我们总结了铁死亡在代谢综合征发病机制中的作用，如肥胖、2 型糖尿病和动脉粥样硬化。最后，我们讨论了相关的铁死亡靶向治疗，并提出了一些值得关注的关键问题，为未来的代谢综合征相关治疗和研究提供了方向。
