Yim Hyungwook, Garrett Paul M, Baker Megan, Cha Jaehyuk, Sreekumar Vishnu, Dennis Simon J
Department of Cognitive Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Front Psychol. 2024 Jan 11;14:1277741. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1277741. eCollection 2023.
We re-examined whether different time scales such as week, day of week, and hour of day are independently used during memory retrieval as has been previously argued (i.e., independence of scales). To overcome the limitations of previous studies, we used experience sampling technology to obtain test stimuli that have higher ecological validity. We also used pointwise mutual information to directly calculate the degree of dependency between time scales in a formal way. Participants were provided with a smartphone and were asked to wear it around their neck for two weeks, which was equipped with an app that automatically collected time, images, GPS, audio and accelerometry. After a one-week retention interval, participants were presented with an image that was captured during their data collection phase, and were tested on their memory of when the event happened (i.e., week, day of week, and hour). We find that, in contrast to previous arguments, memories of different time scales were not retrieved independently. Moreover, through rendering recurrence plots of the images that the participants collected, we provide evidence the dependency may have originated from the repetitive events that the participants encountered in their daily life.
我们重新审视了是否如先前所述，在记忆检索过程中会独立使用不同的时间尺度，如周、星期几和一天中的小时数（即尺度独立性）。为了克服先前研究的局限性，我们使用经验抽样技术来获取具有更高生态效度的测试刺激。我们还使用逐点互信息以正式的方式直接计算时间尺度之间的依赖程度。为参与者提供了一部智能手机，并要求他们将其挂在脖子上两周，手机配备了一个应用程序，可自动收集时间、图像、GPS、音频和加速度测量数据。在经过一周的保留期后，向参与者展示一张他们在数据收集阶段拍摄的图像，并测试他们对事件发生时间（即周、星期几和小时）的记忆。我们发现，与先前的观点相反，不同时间尺度的记忆并非独立检索。此外，通过绘制参与者收集的图像的递归图，我们提供了证据表明这种依赖可能源于参与者在日常生活中遇到的重复事件。
