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对氟康唑和两性霉素B低敏感性及耐药性的、 及 分离株中致病因子的鉴定

Identification of Virulence Factors in Isolates of , and with Low Susceptibility and Resistance to Fluconazole and Amphotericin B.

作者信息

Angiolella Letizia, Rojas Florencia, Giammarino Andrea, Bellucci Nicolò, Giusiano Gustavo

机构信息

Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases "Sapienza", University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.

Departamento de Micología, Instituto de Medicina Regional, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, CONICET, Resistencia 3500, Argentina.

出版信息

Microorganisms. 2024 Jan 20;12(1):212. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12010212.

Abstract

Emerging life-threatening multidrug-resistant (MDR) species such as the species complex, (sin. ), and other species are considered as an increasing risk for human health in the near future. (1) Background: Many studies have emphasized that the increase in drug resistance can be associated with several virulence factors in and its knowledge is also essential in developing new antifungal strategies. (2) Methods: Hydrophobicity, adherence, biofilm formation, lipase activity, resistance to osmotic stress, and virulence 'in vivo' on larvae were studied in isolates of , , and with low susceptibility and resistance to fluconazole and amphotericin B. (3) Results: Intra- and interspecies variability were observed. showed high hydrophobicity and the ability to adhere to and form biofilm. was less hydrophobic, was biofilm-formation-strain-dependent, and did not show lipase activity. Larvae inoculated with isolates displayed significantly higher mortality rates than those infected with and . (4) Conclusions: The ability to adhere to and form biofilms associated with their hydrophobic capacity, to adapt to stress, and to infect within an in vivo model, observed in these non-wild-type and isolates, shows their marked virulence features. Since factors that define virulence are related to the development of the resistance of these fungi to the few antifungals available for clinical use, differences in the physiology of these cells must be considered to develop new antifungal therapies.

摘要

新兴的具有生命威胁的多重耐药(MDR)菌种,如某菌种复合体、某菌(同义名)以及其他某菌种,在不久的将来被认为对人类健康构成越来越大的风险。(1)背景:许多研究强调,耐药性的增加可能与某菌中的几种毒力因子有关,并且了解这些知识对于制定新的抗真菌策略也至关重要。(2)方法:对氟康唑和两性霉素B敏感性低及耐药的某菌、某菌和某菌的分离株,研究其疏水性、黏附性、生物膜形成、脂肪酶活性、对渗透应激的抗性以及在某幼虫体内的毒力。(3)结果:观察到种内和种间变异性。某菌表现出高疏水性以及黏附并形成生物膜的能力。某菌疏水性较低,生物膜形成依赖菌株,且未表现出脂肪酶活性。接种某菌分离株的幼虫死亡率显著高于接种某菌和某菌的幼虫。(4)结论:在这些非野生型某菌和某菌分离株中观察到的,与它们的疏水能力相关的黏附并形成生物膜的能力、适应应激的能力以及在体内模型中的感染能力,显示出它们显著的毒力特征。由于定义毒力的因素与这些真菌对临床可用的少数抗真菌药物的耐药性发展有关,因此在开发新的抗真菌疗法时必须考虑这些细胞生理上的差异。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fb18/10819056/95384dd9ee96/microorganisms-12-00212-g001.jpg

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