Environmental Biotechnology laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong 793022, Meghalaya, India.
Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2024 Mar;106:104376. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104376. Epub 2024 Jan 24.
Considering the frequent detection of pesticides in the aquatic environment, the ecotoxicological effects of Chlorpyrifos (CHP), an organophosphate, and alpha-cypermethrin (ACM), a pyrethroid, on freshwater microalgae were compared for the first time in this study. High concentrations of both CHP and ACM significantly suppressed the growth of test microalga Graesiella emersonii (p < 0.05). The 96-h EC of CHP and ACM were 54.42 mg L and 29.40 mg L, respectively. Sub-inhibitory doses of both pesticides increased ROS formation in a concentration-dependent manner, which was accompanied by changes in antioxidant enzymes activities, lipid peroxidation, and variations in photosynthetic pigment concentration. Furthermore, both pesticides influenced photosystem II performance, oxygen-evolving complex efficiency and, intracellular ATP levels. Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed that high concentrations of both CHP and ACM caused considerable morphological changes in the microalga. In comparison, CHP was more toxic than ACM at low concentrations, whereas ACM was more toxic at high concentrations.
考虑到农药在水环境中频繁检出，本研究首次比较了有机磷杀虫剂毒死蜱（CHP）和拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂α-氯氰菊酯（ACM）对淡水微藻的生态毒理学效应。高浓度的 CHP 和 ACM 均显著抑制了测试微藻斜生栅藻（Graciliella emersonii）的生长（p<0.05）。CHP 和 ACM 的 96-h EC 分别为 54.42mg/L 和 29.40mg/L。两种农药的亚抑制剂量均以浓度依赖的方式增加了 ROS 的形成，同时伴随着抗氧化酶活性、脂质过氧化和光合色素浓度的变化。此外，两种农药均影响了光系统 II 的性能、放氧复合效率和细胞内 ATP 水平。扫描电子显微镜分析显示，高浓度的 CHP 和 ACM 导致微藻发生了相当大的形态变化。相比之下，低浓度时 CHP 比 ACM 更具毒性，而高浓度时 ACM 更具毒性。
