Comiskey Allison, Parent Mike C, Tebbe Elliot A
Department of Psychology and Philosophy, Texas Woman's University, Denton, TX, USA.
Department of Educational Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA.
Psychol Women Q. 2020 Mar;44(1):105-116. doi: 10.1177/0361684319889595. Epub 2019 Dec 12.
In this study, we investigated key tenets of objectification theory, a prominent model of body image disturbance, as it relates to trans women's disordered eating and intention to obtain silicone injections-a specific health risk for this population. We also incorporated appearance congruence, or the degree to which an individual personally feels that their gender expression matches their gender identity, into the objectification theory model. Results of a structural equation model using data from a sample of 173 trans women from the United States indicated that the basic objectification theory model held among this sample and that appearance congruence was associated negatively with body surveillance. However, appearance congruence did not have significant direct or indirect links (via body surveillance and body shame) with disordered eating or intention to obtain silicone injections. Thus, disordered eating and intention to obtain silicone injections are potential negative outcomes of the process of objectification among trans women, and appearance congruence does not appear to be uniquely linked to health risks associated with internalization of cultural standards of attractiveness, body surveillance, and body shame. Our findings support the application of the tenets of objectification theory with trans women as they apply to disordered eating and intention to obtain silicone injections and also indicate the need to identify other positive influences on trans women's body image to counteract internalization of cultural standards of attractiveness.
在本研究中，我们调查了客体化理论的关键原则，这是一种突出的身体意象障碍模型，它与跨性别女性的饮食失调以及进行硅胶注射的意愿（这是该人群的一种特定健康风险）相关。我们还将外表一致性，即个体个人感觉其性别表达与性别认同相匹配的程度，纳入了客体化理论模型。使用来自美国173名跨性别女性样本数据的结构方程模型结果表明，基本的客体化理论模型在该样本中成立，且外表一致性与身体监测呈负相关。然而，外表一致性与饮食失调或进行硅胶注射的意愿没有显著的直接或间接联系（通过身体监测和身体羞耻感）。因此，饮食失调和进行硅胶注射的意愿是跨性别女性客体化过程的潜在负面结果，而且外表一致性似乎与与内化文化吸引力标准、身体监测和身体羞耻感相关的健康风险并无独特关联。我们的研究结果支持将客体化理论原则应用于跨性别女性，因为这些原则适用于饮食失调和进行硅胶注射的意愿，同时也表明需要识别对跨性别女性身体意象的其他积极影响，以抵消文化吸引力标准的内化。
