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2050年星际介质中天体化学的未来愿景

A Vision for the Future of Astrochemistry in the Interstellar Medium by 2050.

作者信息

Fortenberry Ryan C

机构信息

Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677-1848, United States.

出版信息

ACS Phys Chem Au. 2023 Dec 8;4(1):31-39. doi: 10.1021/acsphyschemau.3c00043. eCollection 2024 Jan 24.

Abstract

By 2050, many, but not nearly all, unattributed astronomical spectral features will be conclusively linked to molecular carriers (as opposed to nearly none today in the visible and IR); amino acids will have been observed remotely beyond our solar system; the largest observatories ever constructed on the surface of the Earth or launched beyond it will be operational; high-throughput computation either from brute force or machine learning will provide unprecedented amounts of reference spectral and chemical reaction data; and the chemical fingerprints of the universe delivered by those of us who call ourselves astrochemists will provide astrophysicists with unprecedented resolution for determining how the stars evolve, planets form, and molecules that lead to life originate. Astrochemistry is a relatively young field, but with the entire universe as its playground, the discipline promises to persist as long as telescopic observations are made that require reference data and complementary chemical modeling. While the recent commissionings of the and Atacama Large Millimeter Array are ushering in the second "golden age" of astrochemistry (with the first being the radio telescopic boom period of the 1970s), this current period of discovery should facilitate unprecedented advances within the next 25 years. Astrochemistry forces the asking of hard questions beyond the physical conditions of our "pale blue dot", and such questions require creative solutions that are influential beyond astrophysics. By 2050, more creative solutions will have been provided, but even more will be needed to answer the continuing question of our astrochemical ignorance.

摘要

到2050年,许多(但远非全部)未确定来源的天文光谱特征将最终与分子载体联系起来(与如今在可见光和红外波段几乎没有这种联系形成对比);氨基酸将在太阳系以外被远程观测到;地球上建造的或发射到地球以外的最大型天文台将投入使用;通过强力计算或机器学习实现的高通量计算将提供前所未有的大量参考光谱和化学反应数据;而我们这些自称天体化学家的人所提供的宇宙化学指纹,将为天体物理学家提供前所未有的分辨率,以确定恒星如何演化、行星如何形成以及导致生命出现的分子如何起源。天体化学是一个相对年轻的领域,但以整个宇宙为其活动舞台,只要进行需要参考数据和补充化学建模的望远镜观测,这门学科就有望持续存在。虽然最近 和阿塔卡马大型毫米阵列的启用迎来了天体化学的第二个“黄金时代”(第一个黄金时代是20世纪70年代的射电望远镜蓬勃发展时期),但当前这个发现时期应会在未来25年内推动取得前所未有的进展。天体化学促使人们提出超越我们“淡蓝色小点”物理条件的难题,而这些问题需要有创造性的解决方案,其影响将超出天体物理学领域。到2050年,将会有更多创造性的解决方案出现,但要回答我们在天体化学方面持续存在的未知问题,还需要更多的解决方案。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1263/10811777/2977b9cfb384/pg3c00043_0001.jpg

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