Department of Contaminants and Biohazards, Institute of Marine Research (IMR), Bergen, Norway.
Department of Contaminants and Biohazards, Institute of Marine Research (IMR), Bergen, Norway; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
J Hosp Infect. 2024 Mar;145:165-173. doi: 10.1016/j.jhin.2023.12.020. Epub 2024 Jan 28.
Population-based sewage surveillance has emerged as a promising approach for studying the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in pathogens.
To determine the temporal prevalence of cefotaxime-resistant Escherichia coli in sewage from five sewage treatment plants located in Bergen city, to determine whether ESBL- and carbapenemase-producing E. coli are consistently disseminated in the receiving environment through sewage.
A total of 569 cefotaxime-resistant E. coli were isolated over a period of 19 months (August 2020 to February 2022) using ECC CHROMagar™ plates from 82 samples, antibiotic sensitivity profiles were determined, using Sensititre™ plates. The draft genome sequences were determined, using Illumina MiSeq-based sequencing. Complete genome sequences were determined, using Oxford Nanopore-based sequencing.
All 569 strains obtained from influent (N=461) and effluent (N=108) were multi-drug resistant. Most of the sequenced strains (52 of 61) carried bla (38.5%) and bla (34.6%). The most prevalent sequence types (STs) for ESBL-carrying strains were ST131 (32.8%) and ST38 (21.3%). All CTX-M-27-carrying ST131 strains belonged to clade A or C1, while CTX-M-15-harbouring strains were present in all the clades. Five OXA-244-producing ST38 strains, genetically similar to epidemic-causing strains from Western Norway, France and the Netherlands, were isolated only from raw and treated sewage of the treatment plant receiving hospital sewage.
This is the first study showing persistent dissemination of OXA-244-producing ST38 clones through sewage in Norway, demonstrating that hospital sewage is the likely source of OXA-244-producing ST38 clones reaching the receiving environment.
基于人群的污水监测已成为研究病原体中抗生素耐药性流行情况的一种很有前途的方法。
确定卑尔根市 5 个污水处理厂污水中头孢噻肟耐药大肠杆菌的时间流行率，确定产 ESBL 和碳青霉烯酶的大肠杆菌是否通过污水持续在受纳环境中传播。
使用 ECC CHROMagar™ 平板从 82 个样本中，在 19 个月（2020 年 8 月至 2022 年 2 月）期间共分离出 569 株头孢噻肟耐药大肠杆菌，使用 Sensititre™ 平板确定抗生素敏感性谱。使用 Illumina MiSeq 测序确定基因组序列草图，使用 Oxford Nanopore 测序确定全基因组序列。
从进水（N=461）和出水（N=108）中获得的 569 株菌均为多药耐药菌。测序的大多数菌株（61 株中的 52 株）携带 blaCTX-M-27（38.5%）和 blaCTX-M-15（34.6%）。携带 ESBL 的菌株中最常见的序列类型（STs）为 ST131（32.8%）和 ST38（21.3%）。所有 CTX-M-27 携带的 ST131 菌株均属于 clade A 或 C1，而 CTX-M-15 携带的菌株存在于所有 clade 中。仅从接收医院污水的污水处理厂的未经处理和处理后的污水中分离出 5 株 OXA-244 产生的 ST38 菌株，这些菌株与来自挪威西部、法国和荷兰的流行菌株具有遗传相似性。
这是第一项表明 OXA-244 产生的 ST38 克隆通过挪威污水持续传播的研究，表明医院污水是 OXA-244 产生的 ST38 克隆进入受纳环境的可能来源。
