Zhang Shuang, Wang Ruiying, Zhang Xi, Zhao Hua
College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing 100048 China.
RSC Adv. 2024 Jan 29;14(6):3936-3951. doi: 10.1039/d3ra07029h. eCollection 2024 Jan 23.
Single-atom alloys (SAAs) are a different type of alloy where a guest metal, usually a noble metal (, Pt, Pd, and Ru), is atomically dispersed on a relatively more inert (, Ag and Cu) host metal. As a type of atomic-scale catalyst, single-atom alloy catalysts have broad application prospects in the field of heterogeneous catalysis for hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, oxidation, and other reactions. Numerous experimental and characterization results and theoretical calculations have confirmed that the resultant electronic structure caused by charge transfer between the host metal and guest metal and the special geometric structure of the guest metal are responsible for the high selectivity and catalytic activity of SAA catalysts. In this review, the common methods for the preparation of single-atom alloys in recent years are introduced, including initial wet impregnation, physical vapor deposition, and laser ablation in liquid technique. Afterwards, the applications of single-atom alloy catalysts in selective hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, oxidation reactions, and hydrogenolysis reactions are emphatically reviewed. Finally, several challenges for the future development of SAA catalysts are proposed.
单原子合金（SAAs）是一种不同类型的合金，其中客体金属，通常是贵金属（如Pt、Pd和Ru），以原子形式分散在相对更惰性的（如Ag和Cu）主体金属上。作为一种原子尺度的催化剂，单原子合金催化剂在多相催化的氢化、脱氢、氧化及其他反应领域具有广阔的应用前景。大量的实验、表征结果以及理论计算证实，主体金属与客体金属之间电荷转移所产生的电子结构以及客体金属的特殊几何结构，是单原子合金催化剂具有高选择性和催化活性的原因。在本综述中，介绍了近年来制备单原子合金的常用方法，包括初湿浸渍法、物理气相沉积法和液相激光烧蚀法。之后，重点综述了单原子合金催化剂在选择性氢化、脱氢、氧化反应和氢解反应中的应用。最后，提出了单原子合金催化剂未来发展面临的若干挑战。
